Showing posts with label why. Show all posts
Showing posts with label why. Show all posts

Why and how is YouTube a threat to television channels?

 Why and how is YouTube a threat to television channels?


Last July was a good month for YouTube, as for the first time in the US, people spent more time on YouTube than watching TV or movies.



As a result, YouTube even surpassed OTT platforms such as Disney, Paramount, Fox Channel, Netflix and Amazon. However, a few months later, YouTube fell to second place, behind Disney and DC platforms.


In fact, YouTube’s popularity is growing worldwide. In the UK, 50 percent of people aged 16 to 24 prefer to watch YouTube instead of watching television programs.


Has YouTube completely overtaken TV channels?


According to Mark Bergen, a Bloomberg technology journalist and author of the book about YouTube, Like, Comment and Subscribe: YouTube’s Chaotic Rise to World Domination, about three billion people watch YouTube every month in the world. Most of them are between the ages of 25 and 35. That is, they are younger than the main TV audience. It is now available on apps, video game consoles and smart TVs.


He says YouTube has become the most popular online platform and the biggest way for advertising companies to reach people. It is the largest catalog of videos. People can search and watch different things on YouTube.


YouTube launched in 2005


The online video sharing and streaming platform YouTube was launched in 2005. The first video uploaded to it was just 19 seconds long, which its co-founder recorded while walking around the San Diego Zoo in California.


Google bought YouTube for $1.65 billion a year after its founding. YouTube is most viewed in India, where about 400 million people watch YouTube.


According to Mark Bergen, in many new emerging markets such as Brazil and Indonesia, YouTube has not only replaced TV channels, but has also become the main source of entertainment and news there.


YouTube Los Angeles Headquarters


According to Mark Bergen, YouTube has evolved in three phases.


“A former YouTube executive told me that the company’s mantra was ‘Challenge, Joke, or Truth?’” He says. At first, the entertainment industry and advertising companies didn’t take YouTube seriously.


Then came YouTube’s second phase, where it became a threat to Hollywood, the TV industry, Netflix, and Amazon. It started making its own original shows and charging subscribers like Netflix.


According to Bergen, YouTube started making original and expensive content in 2016. However, it couldn’t compete with the investment of companies like Netflix and closed this department in 2022. Now, in this new phase, YouTube has consolidated its position.


Mark Bergen says that people now use YouTube as a utility platform. For example, people use YouTube videos to watch cooking recipes or repair something.


People can easily find most of the videos they need on YouTube. YouTube has its own celebrities whose popularity is no less than that of Hollywood actors.


Mr. Beast, a 26-year-old content creator, whose YouTube channel surpassed Indian music channel T-Series in June. He has 320 million subscribers. So YouTube has proven that anyone can become a star.


YouTube and its famous content creators earn a lot of money from advertising. When an advertisement appears on a video uploaded to the channel, they earn money.


Mark Bergen says: Advertising companies pay YouTube to broadcast their ads, and YouTube keeps 45% of that amount and gives the rest to the respective YouTube channels or three content creators. When YouTube adopted this model in 2007, it was a very new and risky idea. But that same model has proven to be one of the main reasons for YouTube's success.


With the exception of a few services, most of YouTube's services are free. According to Mark Bergen, YouTube is experiencing so many videos that it has become a challenge to regulate them.


YouTube Content Monitoring


Content Creator Mr. Beast


Chris Stokel-Walker, a journalist and author of the book How YouTube Shook Up TV and Created a New Generation of Stars, explains that YouTube is excluded from the legal framework that many TV broadcasters have to operate under.


This means that the strict editorial rules that apply to TV networks do not apply to YouTube content.


To understand this, we need to go back in history. Many years before YouTube arrived, in 1996, the US Department of Information and Communications Technology amended the Communications Decency Act (CDA) to add Section 230, which was designed to give tech companies a boost.


The aim was to protect these companies from potential lawsuits because they did not have enough people or resources to monitor the content that was being broadcast on their platforms.


Chris Stokel-Walker says: This law meant that these companies only broadcast user-generated content, but they don't take responsibility for it. Nor do they have to pay for it.


There is a responsibility to review each piece of content.


But now, people who upload offensive content or make offensive comments on YouTube can be prosecuted. Today, technology companies are making billions of dollars, and they still maintain legal protections.


According to Chris Stokel-Walker, these companies have been taking advantage of this exception for twenty years, and only now are we starting to think about the consequences. Now, copyright and other legal provisions are being applied to determine the liability of companies like YouTube.


In 2019, Google and YouTube were sued for collecting data from children under the age of 13 without their parents' consent. In that case, the companies had to pay $170 million.


According to Chris Stokel-Walker, these companies are spread around the world and are not subject to the jurisdiction of any one country. However, in many places they are also under government surveillance.


For example, YouTube has been banned or criticized in many countries in the Middle East because it contains videos that involve sex, sexual violence, and drug use, which are not as controversial in Western countries. However, these contents are against the culture of Middle Eastern countries.


Recently, the European Union has implemented two new legal provisions to ensure online safety and control anti-competitive behavior of technology companies. However, the implementation of these legal provisions is problematic because of the large amount of content uploaded to YouTube.


According to one statistic, 500 hours of content are uploaded to YouTube every minute. This creates many difficulties in monitoring.


YouTube has its own rules and guidelines that clearly state what kind of content can and cannot be uploaded. For example, hate speech and offensive comments are prohibited, and users who do not follow these rules are warned or even banned.


YouTube also blocks ads on such content, which means that the creators of that content do not earn money.


Is TikTok a challenge for YouTube?


TikTok


Earlier, the TV industry could not consider YouTube as its competitor. But now, YouTube has become a powerful competitor not only for TV channels but also for Hollywood, Netflix and Disney.


YouTube's biggest advantage is that it has user-generated content, where users do not need to think about what will be trending or popular.


On the other hand, TV companies and OTT platforms have to think about this deeply, because they have to invest a lot of money in their content. This takes time, and sometimes the content may not be popular with the audience. But for YouTube, this is not a problem. On the other hand, YouTube also knows very well what content viewers are watching on its platform.


Netflix or other traditional television channels only create content. But YouTube knows what we have watched or liked in recent days and based on that, shows ads on YouTube or recommends similar videos to watch. That is why YouTube is more connected to the audience than other streaming platforms and traditional TV.


But one of YouTube's weaknesses is that it doesn't make big-budget videos like other channels and doesn't broadcast big sporting events. TV and streaming platforms also want to take advantage of YouTube's reach.


For example, when TV channels and streaming platforms launch new shows, they use YouTube to promote them.


YouTube doesn't see a threat from traditional TV, but it is also concerned about the growing popularity of TikTok, a video-sharing app that also features user-generated content. Because TikTok is competing with YouTube.


TikTok really knows how to entertain people. People spend hours watching videos on TikTok.


In fact, all platforms now want to attract user attention, and apps like TikTok can challenge YouTube. However, YouTube has so much variety and interesting content that no one can shake its leading position in the current market.


The mantra


YouTube


According to Dr. Marlene Komorowski, a professor of European media markets at the University of Brussels, YouTube is once again focusing more on advertising and content creators, which was its original mantra.


It has started placing more ads on YouTube channels. Last year, YouTube earned $31.5 billion from advertising, which is 10 percent more than its parent company Google.


According to Komorowski, YouTube has achieved great success and has established its dominance in various markets around the world. Just as the Disney Channel invests heavily in content production, YouTube is also investing heavily in content production. YouTube has spent $20 billion worldwide on content production, which is a huge amount.


YouTube's main goal is to The goal is to attract the attention of the audience and being part of Google helps it a lot in bringing new features to its platform.


According to Dr. Marlin Komorowski, with the help of Google, YouTube brings useful features to its content creators on its channels. It automatically translates the videos uploaded to it and adds subtitles to their videos. Google is developing this AI to help its creators.


Considering the competition with TikTok, YouTube has included the Shorts feature, which is a video shorter than a minute. Shorts is really giving TikTok a run for its money.


Such a short video format feature is also available on Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram.


According to experts, Google keeps bringing new features and products by considering what other competing platforms are doing, which are becoming very popular and successful.


There was a time when Facebook seemed to be very powerful. But now TikTok has made a strong presence in the social media market, which has a lot of very young users. On the other hand, Facebook and YouTube users are a bit more mature than Tiktok.


Now let's get back to the main question: Has YouTube completely defeated TV channels? In fact, YouTube has closed its original content creation department. But this does not mean that TV channels are less threatened by it. In fact, YouTube has posed a big challenge to TV channels by focusing more on user-generated content. Watching YouTube every day has become a daily routine for millions of people. Advertisements have increased YouTube's income and it is increasing its investment in content creation. YouTube's content is always available on the Internet. Due to which people have started watching YouTube more than TV.


Why lips crack in winter, how to avoid?

 Why lips crack in winter, how to avoid?


In the winter season, the skin starts to become dry, so if the skin is not moisturized, it starts to crack. The same problem occurs in the skin of our lips. Chapped lips are common in cold weather, which is a problem for many people.


Despite taking various measures to avoid this problem, many times the problem of chapped lips remains. Some people have cracked lips, bleeding, and even have trouble eating.






Why do lips crack in winter?


In winter we drink less water. Due to the lack of water in the body, the lips become dry and crack easily. Since the air is dry in the winter season, the body does not get the moisturizer it gets from the air. Because of this, the lips are more chapped.





Staying in the sun for a long time in winter can also make the lips dry, because the sun's rays remove the moisture from the lips and the lips crack. When the lips are dry in winter, we touch or lick them frequently, due to which the lips become more dry and chapped. Lips can also be chapped if you use sticky or cosmetic products that irritate your lips.


What to do if the lips are cracked?


Use petroleum jelly to soften the lips. By using it, the moisture of the lips is maintained and the lips do not crack.


Lips should be protected from the sun like any other part of the body. Therefore, it is advisable to use a lip balm with SPF. It also provides protection from damage caused by ultraviolet rays.


The skin of the cracked lip should not be scratched. If the lips are chapped, the skin on the lips will look dry. Dead skin on the lips should not be removed by scratching with fingers or nails, doing so may cause injury.


Ways to avoid chapped lips


It is important to keep the body as well as the skin hydrated. Moisturize the skin for hydration, drink enough water. It is necessary to drink at least two to three liters of water a day. Do not touch your lips frequently. Dirty hands can cause infection in the lips. Also, the lips may become more dry.


When the lips become dry, many people move their tongue around the lips. But this should not be done, because doing so will make the lips even more dry.


In winter, lips are affected a lot due to cold wind, sunlight and many other reasons. So before going out you should apply lip balm or any moisturizer on your lips. Before going out in the cold, you should wear a mask to cover your lips.

Why do cholesterol patients increase in hospital after Dashain?

Why do cholesterol patients increase in hospital after Dashain?


We understand Dashain as a festival of eating and drinking. That is why Manlagdi is eaten at this time. Fish, meat and alcohol are mandatory during Dashain.


Even those who don't drink at other times drink because it's a festival. Drunkenness was a better excuse. They sit and drink from morning till midnight.






On top of that, Sitan was also wanted. Grilled, fried, spicy, bitter, sour meat. Dalmot, chips. What is the habit of most of them is to take vinegar after drinking alcohol.


Such foods may not have an immediate effect. However, with the onset of winter, the number of patients in the hospital begins to increase. Most of them have cholesterol problems. After all, why did they have bad cholesterol? The uncontrolled eating of the same Dashain is one of the reasons behind this.





What happens when cholesterol increases? Why does it increase? Let's understand it in common language.


Cholesterol is a layer of fat in our body. Cholesterol is necessary for proper blood flow in the blood vessels and the structure of the body's cells. However, if the amount of cholesterol in the blood is more than required, it accumulates in the blood vessels, liver and heart.


Blood collects in the blood vessels and narrows the blood vessels. This is why the blood flow is not good. What this does is increase the risk of stroke, heart attack and heart disease.


This problem is mostly seen in people with heart problems and high blood pressure. However, it does not mean that it is not seen in others.


Cholesterol is such a problem, the early signs of which do not match anything. It suddenly causes problems. Its general symptoms can be seen in anyone. Like white spots appearing around the eyes, black spots appearing on the back of the neck. However, in most cases, this problem is not detected without testing.


When the problem increases, it becomes difficult to handle it. Therefore, it is advisable to find preventive measures before such a problem occurs.


What to do now?


Be alert and take necessary precautions before problems occur. For this, some conditions must be followed.


- Reduce the consumption of red meat. Instead of red meat, white meat and fish can be consumed.


- Do not eat too much ghee, butter, cheese and animal fats.


- Cholesterol contains triglycerides. As carbohydrates increase the amount of triglycerides, eat such foods as little as possible.


- Sugary foods are high in carbohydrates, so eat as little as possible.


- In case of heart disease and high cholesterol level, take related medicine regularly.


- Consuming more fruits and green vegetables than meat.


- Eating less fat and skinned meat.


- Full sleep.


- Don't drink alcohol. Even if you do, consume very little.


Consuming high amounts of fibrous and fiber-rich foods.


Along with diet, you should also pay attention to exercise. At least five days a week you should walk briskly for 30 to 45 minutes.


A medical emergency situation


Eating alcohol and meat indiscriminately increases cholesterol. Apart from that, there are also many people who come to the hospital with a bone stuck in their neck. People are not alert and alert when they are drunk. At that time, when they eat bones with meat, there are many cases of them getting stuck in the throat. This is a medical emergency. In such a situation, if not treated immediately, it can lead to death.


Likewise, people with heart problems, high blood pressure, and those taking blood thinners can also be at risk from uncontrolled eating.

 

Why Perform Multiple Comparison Tests After ANOVA?

Why Perform Multiple Comparison Tests After ANOVA?


 ## Why Perform Multiple Comparison Tests After ANOVA?


After conducting a one-way **Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)** and finding a significant overall difference among the group means, it is necessary to perform multiple comparison tests for the following reasons:



1. **ANOVA only tells you that at least one pair of means is significantly different**, but it does not specify which pairs differ. Multiple comparison tests help identify which specific pairs of means are significantly different from each other.


2. **Without multiple comparisons, it is not possible to control the family-wise error rate (FWER)**, which is the probability of making one or more Type I errors (false positives) when performing several statistical tests simultaneously. Multiple comparison tests adjust the significance level to maintain the desired FWER.


3. **Multiple comparison tests provide more detailed information about the patterns of differences among the groups**, allowing for a better understanding of the relationships between the groups.


## Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) Test


**Tukey's HSD** is a commonly used multiple comparison test that controls the FWER. It is particularly useful when all pairwise comparisons are of interest and the sample sizes are equal across groups.


The steps involved in Tukey's HSD test are as follows:


1. **Calculate the test statistic q for each pair of means**:

   $$q = \frac{|\bar{X}_i - \bar{X}_j|}{\sqrt{\frac{MSE}{n}}}$$

   where $\bar{X}_i$ and $\bar{X}_j$ are the means of the $i$th and $j$th groups, $MSE$ is the mean square error from the ANOVA table, and $n$ is the sample size per group.


2. **Compare the calculated q values to the critical value** from the Studentized Range distribution table, which depends on the desired significance level ($\alpha$) and the number of groups ($k$).


3. **If the calculated q value for a pair of means exceeds the critical value**, the difference between those means is considered statistically significant at the specified $\alpha$ level.


4. **Tukey's HSD test maintains the FWER at $\alpha$ level** by using a more conservative critical value compared to conducting multiple individual t-tests.


## Interpreting Tukey's HSD Results


After performing Tukey's HSD test, the results can be interpreted as follows:


1. **If the difference between two means is significant**, it indicates that those two groups are significantly different from each other at the specified $\alpha$ level.


2. **If the difference between two means is not significant**, it suggests that those two groups are not detectably different from each other at the specified $\alpha$ level.


3. **The results can be presented using a compact letter display (CLD)**, where groups that are not significantly different from each other are assigned the same letter.


In summary, Tukey's HSD is a powerful multiple comparison test that helps identify which specific pairs of means are significantly different after a significant ANOVA result. It controls the FWER and provides a clear interpretation of the relationships among the groups.


Citations:

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NeNWMIU9gWw

[2] https://stats.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_Statistics/Inferential_Statistics_and_Probability_-_A_Holistic_Approach_%28Geraghty%29/13:_One_Factor_Analysis_of_Variance_%28ANOVA%29/13.06:_Posthoc_Analysis__Tukeys_Honestly_Significant_Difference_%28HSD%29_Test85

[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tukey%27s_range_test

[4] https://arc.lib.montana.edu/book/statistics-with-r-textbook/item/59

[5] https://real-statistics.com/one-way-analysis-of-variance-anova/unplanned-comparisons/tukey-hsd/

[6] https://www.isixsigma.com/dictionary/tukeys-1-way-anova/

[7] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spearman%27s_rank_correlation_coefficient

[8] https://www.raybiotech.com/learning-center/t-test-anova/

Why are X-rays done?

 Why are X-rays done?


At one point or another, most of us have had an X-ray of some part of the body. Everyone has heard about this test since childhood.



As soon as the word X-ray comes to our mind, a black picture comes in front of us, in which the image of bones is visible. But its function is not only to show pictures, there are many others. Few people know the real information.


What is X-ray?


An X-ray is a type of imaging test. which creates a picture of your bones and other organs attached to them. An X-ray machine uses a safe amount of radiation to make this picture. From the picture prepared through X-ray, the doctor makes a plan about the treatment and what kind of treatment is needed.


Usually, in the case of broken bones, due to an accidental accident, the bones of any part of the body have been broken and the diseases related to it are checked. X-rays are a safe and effective way to assess bone health.


Why do X-rays?


- To identify broken bones


- To determine the cause of pain and swelling symptoms


-To identify other foreign objects in the body


-To detect structural problems of bones, joints or soft tissue attached to joints


- And, regular examination may be necessary for cancer and other diseases as well.


Types of X-rays


X-ray is not only for one part of the body. There are many parts. According to which there are types of X-ray tests.


Abdominal X-ray: This X-ray takes pictures of the kidneys, stomach, liver and bladder. Which helps to identify kidney and bladder stones. It consists of a special type of abdominal X-ray. It is called barium enema, which helps to use the digestive system.


X-ray of bones: X-rays are also used to see the condition of broken bones, disorganized joints and lumps. Bone infection and cancer can also be identified through this.


Chest X-ray: This test helps to detect pneumonia, heart, lung and chest bone problems.


Dental X-ray: Dental X-ray helps to check the health condition of teeth and gums.


Fluoroscopy: Fluoroscopy shows images of soft tissues such as organs and intestines. The X-ray also detects the movement of the organs on the screen like a film.


Fluoroscopy is often used in x-rays of the digestive system.


CityScan


A CT scan is also a radiology study. Which shows a picture of the condition of bones, organs and tissues through a monitor. This machine looks like a donut shape.


Mammograms: Providers use mammograms to take X-ray pictures of breast tissue, evaluate breast lumps, and diagnose breast cancer. From which breast lumps can be evaluated and breast cancer can be identified.


How does X-ray work?


X-rays send radiation through the body. The light of that radiation is invisible. which cannot be experienced. The beam is passed through the body and an image is formed on the X-ray detector located near it. Bones, cells, tissues and other structures absorb the radiation as it passes through the body. That's why it looks like a bright white color on X-ray. But soft tissue does not absorb radiation easily. That's why X-ray shows gray color.


How to prepare for X-ray?


-Inform your health care provider or examiner about your health history, allergies, and any medications you are taking.


- In general, no special preparation is required to prepare for a bone X-ray. For other types of X-rays, the examiner may give some preparation instructions.


- Do not use lotion, cream or perfume when preparing for any type of X-ray.


-Metal objects such as jewellery, hairpins or hearing aids cannot be used. You should wear comfortable clothes before the X-ray.


X-ray exposure


In general, X-rays are safe and effective for people of all ages.


If there is a possibility of pregnancy, you may need to tell the doctor before taking the X-ray. Because X-ray radiation can harm the fetus. If you are pregnant, if there is less harm, the doctor suggests to do MRI or ultrasound.


When will the X-ray results be available?


Bone X-ray results are usually ready immediately. After the X-ray, the doctor will advise you about the results. Apart from that, it may take a long time to get the results of the X-ray test.


Side effects of x-rays


Some people may be allergic after X-ray. Symptoms may appear a day or two after the X-ray. If you experience headache, skin rash, itching, vomiting or nausea and difficulty breathing, you should contact your doctor immediately. But these symptoms are seen only by few.


What is MRI, why is it done?

 What is MRI, why is it done?


If there is a wound in our body or a bone is broken for some reason, we can predict the problem by looking at it. Because these things happen before our eyes. But when any part inside our body is damaged. Then some diseases may be hidden inside the body.



In this case, how can the problem that cannot be seen with the eyes be detected?


Medical devices like MRI have been invented to detect such hidden diseases.


What kind of medical equipment is MRI?


MRI is a medical device that uses magnetic energy to show the state of the body in a similar image with the help of a computer. The full form of MRI is Magnetic Resonance Imaging.


In what situation is it used?


Monitoring MRI is used to identify and treat problems in the body from head to toe.


- To clearly identify diseases related to spine, joints and bones


– To identify diseases related to the heart


- To detect the risk of breast cancer


- To detect brain problems (seeing areas of damage without blood supply after stroke, epilepsy, due to persistent headache)


- To diagnose uterine and liver cancer


- To detect uterine abnormalities in women undergoing infertility treatment


- To evaluate the cause of pain in women with endometriosis


- To diagnose ulcers, tumors or other diseases in different parts of the body


The MRI test is done under the supervision of a technician. Which is later reported by the radiologist.


Before the MRI


MRI is an OPD procedure. So there is no need to rush. All the instructions are given before starting the test. For example, it is advised not to sit in one position. Because the picture may be blurry if it is slightly shaken.


Bandages can sometimes be applied to keep the patient stable. MRI is also done under anesthesia for those who cannot remain still for a long time.


A sequence can run for several minutes and at each stage a different machine sounds. This is already mentioned.


Before starting this procedure, you should change into a hospital gown. If you are wearing items made of metal, you should remove them.




During an MRI


First of all, the patient is laid on the table. Slowly the table moves towards the round magnet tube. You have to sit still inside the MRI equipment until the required picture is taken.


During this period, technicians stay at a safe distance. The details shown by the MRI are viewed and collected on the computer. Patients can also communicate from inside with the help of a microphone. Once the test is complete, the technician looks at the image from the MRI to determine if more is needed.


If there is a situation where MRI is required during pregnancy, it should be done only with special precautions.


How long is the process? How easy is it?


This process may take time depending on the problem. The process may take a minimum of 15 minutes to a maximum of 50 minutes. It may be difficult for some people to be patient.


How does it work?


Most of the human body is made up of water. MRI works by reacting between this water, magnet, radiowave, gradient inside the body. Some part of each hydrogen (water inside the body) atom acts like a magnet.


While sleeping in the machine, the magnetic field temporarily rearranges the body's water molecules. At this time the magnetic field is activated. Radio waves receive signals from these arranged atoms. This magnetic field is transmitted at a certain frequency with the help of a gradient.


With the help of a computer connected to the machine, the image of the MRI scan is created. It must remain in the machine for a limited period of time for accurate pictures.


Who analyzes the MRI report?


Only a trained radiologist or physician can analyze the MRI report to assess the health condition and proceed with the treatment process.


Nowadays, even if there is a small problem, there are also those who do MRI in Hachuwa. MRI may not be the only safe option in all problems. In some cases, CT scan may be more effective than MRI.


In this case, you should always consult a qualified doctor to be safe from any kind of unexpected problem.


advantage


An MRI scan is a painless imaging technique. It has no risk of harmful radiation. Soft tissue structures of the body such as the brain, spine, joints, cancer, heart, liver and many other organs can be identified more clearly through MRI images than through other methods.


What is the difference between CT scan and MRI?


Both of these show the image inside the body. The difference between the two is that MRI uses magnetic and radio waves to take pictures inside our body, which does not involve radiation. MRI can clearly show the condition of soft tissues that cannot be shown even by CT scan. MRI takes a lot of time.


While City Scan works with the help of X-ray. In this, the condition of the body can be seen with the help of radiation. This procedure is completed in a short period of time and is less expensive than MRI.


Disadvantage


MRI cannot be done if metal is installed inside the body. The sound coming during the scanning can create a kind of fear while inside. Some people may experience panic and suffocation as if they are in a cave.


How long does it take to get the MRI results?


MRI results depend on how common or complex the health problem is. After the test, if the result is normal and no problem is found, the MRI report is given in 24 hours.


If there is a problem, more complicated, then the result will come only after consultation with other doctors. This may take time. In the same way, the report may come in a short time in private hospitals where the availability of skilled doctors is more.


How much does it cost?


MRI machine is an expensive equipment. Therefore, the test fee is naturally expensive. In this, government and private hospitals set fees in their own way. MRI test fee starts from 8000 in Terti Teaching Hospital.


Conditions where MRRE should not be performed


– When an implanted pacemaker is placed


– Cochlear implants


– Any other type of iron-based metal implant


When was MRI equipment introduced in Nepal?


MRI equipment was introduced in Nepal in the year 2046, which was the first army hospital to start its service. At that time there was a low quality machine. Gradually, private hospitals began to operate services including MRI. In the year 2058, MRI was introduced in the University Teaching Hospital.


Similarly, it was invented in 1973 for the first time in the world. Its inventors are Paul Lautber, Peter Mansfield and Raymond Damadian.


In 1973, Paul created the MR image. At that time he had tested on animals. After further improvement, in 1977, Peter Mansfield conducted an MRI of a human finger and the results were obtained.


Then Raymand introduced MRI to detect serious diseases like cancer in humans.



Why is it harmful to drink tea that has been boiled for a long time?

 Why is it harmful to drink tea that has been boiled for a long time?


Starting the day with a sip of sweet tea is a common practice in South Asian countries including Nepal and India. Drinking tea is very common in these countries. There are also different ways of making tea according to geography and climate. Every person makes tea according to his taste and enjoys it.



According to an article published in Navbharat Times, every house in India makes a lot of milk tea. The same applies to Nepal. Most people follow this one method of making tea, steeping the tea leaves in water and boiling them for a long time.


Many people think that if tea is boiled for a long time, its taste will be sweet. Some people also boil milk and tea leaves together. But many people do not know that boiling tea for a long time is harmful to health.


According to Indian nutritionist Shikha Aggarwal Sharma, there are many benefits of properly brewing tea. Drinking properly brewed tea helps to increase immunity, reduce weight, and control blood sugar levels. But since tea leaves contain caffeine, boiling them for a long time is harmful, says nutritionist Agarwal.


Risk of cancer


According to experts, tannins are abundant in tea. It is a group of polyphenolic biomolecules, which are found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, wine and tea. Tannin is a molecule that is abundant in tea and coffee. It binds together protein, cellulose, starch and minerals. As a result, the body becomes deficient in iron. Boiling tea for more than four minutes increases the amount of tannin, which inhibits iron absorption. In addition, if the tea is boiled too much, the nutrients in the tea will also decrease. Tea cooked in this way increases acidity in the body. If you drink too much of this tea, it also causes the risk of cancer.




Nutrients are low


Nutrients and minerals are found in tea leaves. It contains flavonoids, catechins, polyphenols, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, zinc, calcium and fluoride. According to experts, boiling tea for a long time reduces the nutrients found in tea leaves and milk. Vitamin B12 and C found in it are also low.


Inhibits iron absorption


According to experts, if the tea is boiled for a long time, the tannin content in it is reduced. This element is found in some fruits, vegetables and nuts. Boiling tea for a long time will hinder the absorption of iron. Which can reduce the amount of blood in the body.


Stomach problems


Boiling tea leaves and milk for a long time destroys the protein found in milk. Because of this, due to problems in digesting milk, stomach ache, acidity problem, flatulence, gas filling may occur. After boiling the tea with milk for a long time, it will smell bitter even after drinking it.


Too much boiling of tea leaves and milk together is harmful


At high temperature, a chemical reaction takes place with milk's lactose protein. If you drink it in excess, it will produce harmful substances in the body. If these two are mixed and boiled for a long time, a substance called acrylamide can be formed in milk. It is high in carbohydrates. Acrylamide can also cause cancer.


So what is the right way to make tea?


According to experts, boiling tea leaves in high-temperature water for two minutes increases the amount of polyphenols found in them. Boiling more than this will make the quality of the tea worse.


There is no benefit to over-boiling, it makes the tea taste bitter. To increase the taste and benefits of tea, it is important to follow the right method of making tea.


The right way to make tea


– Boil a pan of water and again turn off the gas (any means of fire).


- Put a teaspoon of tea leaves in it and cover it for three to four minutes.


- Now add a little milk and sugar according to your taste and enjoy the tea.


Women's Health: Why do panties get dirty quickly?

 Women's Health: Why do panties get dirty quickly?


Although it sounds normal, the question that is lost in the mind of common women is, why panties get dirty and dirty quickly? This is also an important question related to women's reproductive health. Often women's panties may be stained and wrinkled. There is no single reason for this.



Generally, if you don't change your panty for a long time or if you don't clean it properly after urinating, it will quickly get dirty and dirty. Apart from that, the menstrual cycle is another main reason. Vaginal discharge (vaginal discharge) before or after menstruation makes the panty dirty. It has four different phases, menstrual, follicular, ovulation and luteal.


In these four stages there are different types of vaginal discharge of different colors. It is a white and thick liquid. Apart from that, there is a kind of acidic fluid in the genitals, which is called pH acid.


This causes the panty to get wet, stiff, and then dry and the panty becomes wrinkled. That's why panty will be dirty.


What is acid pH?


Generally, the pH acid level in the genitals should be less than or equal to 4.5. But before and after menstruation, the pH level may decrease. At this time, bad bacteria can grow and cause an infection.


If the pH is high in the genitals, the risk of bacterial growth is high. In such cases, abnormal brown, white or yellow vaginal discharge occurs. It smells like fish. In this way, there is excessive itching during vaginal discharge and burning during urination.


Vaginal discharge is normal?


Vaginal discharge is a normal and natural condition. It protects the genitals from external infections. Therefore, this acidic substance should not be cleaned too much.


Most women or teenagers have a little vaginal discharge on a daily basis. But its amount is more during egg making. It is white in color. If there is excessive vaginal discharge, it should be cleaned only. If you have a lot of vaginal discharge daily, you should see a doctor.


To keep the genitals dry?


It is summer now. At this time, sweat and vaginal discharge can cause fungal infection. Therefore, it is better to keep the outer part of the genitals dry, but the inner part of the genitals should be moist.


How to clean the genitals?


The vagina should not be cleaned frequently. Can be cleaned once or twice a day. But for cleaning, soapy water should not be cleaned daily. It happens once a week when cleaning with soapy water. At other times, only water should be used to clean it.


After urinating, tissue paper or a clean soft cloth can be used to dry the genitals.


What panty is suitable?


Cotton panty is comparatively useful. Wearing nylon or silk panties does not absorb fluids, which increases the risk of infection.


Why do people get old?

 Why do people get old?


Aging is a natural life process. But people hardly like to grow old. As people grow older, changes begin to occur in every activity. The eyes begin to weaken, the joints begin to weaken and the skin begins to thin.



A person has to go through various conditions to grow old. Man reaches old age through childhood, youth, adulthood.


There are various reasons why people get old, one of the main reasons is changes in DNA. DNA is a type of genetic code that is transmitted between cells. With increasing age, the transmission of these genetic codes begins to be disturbed and gradually begins to accumulate in the cells. This process is called genetic instability and when the DNA affects the stem cells, aging begins to appear, said geneticist Dr. Neelam Thakur says.


Other causes of aging


Chromosomal aberrations


At the end of each DNA strand is a cap-like structure that protects the chromosomes. These are called telomeres. As we age, this cap-like structure begins to fall away and the protection of the chromosomes begins to loosen, Dr. Thakur says.


When there is a disturbance in the structure of telomeres, the risk of many diseases increases. This increases the risk of lung problems and anemia. Both of these are serious problems related to immunity, she says.




Changes in funding


There is a special process in our body called DNA expression. In which thousands of genes in the same cell decide what to do. But time and lifestyle can change these instructions. In this situation, the cells also start to behave differently from their normal behavior and due to which the symptoms of old age begin to appear. Thakur says.


Decreased ability to renew cells


The body has the ability to renew itself to prevent the accumulation of damaged components in our cells. But this ability gradually decreases with age. Thakur says.


In this case, the cells begin to accumulate useless or toxic proteins, which can sometimes lead to Alzheimer's disease. Sometimes due to this, the risk of Parkinson's and cataracts also increases,” she says.


Mitochondria stop working


Mitochondria provide energy to the body. But with time they start losing their ability. Thakur says that their weakness also has a negative effect on DNA and leads to old age.


These are the main principles of aging. But apart from that, there are various reasons why people reach old age, which are still being studied, Dr. Thakur says.


In a study published in the science journal Nature, it has been claimed that scientists were able to remove wrinkles in mice by restoring mitochondria.


Signs of aging


Slow movement, weak brain capacity, wrinkled skin etc. are the symptoms of old age. But due to wrong diet and lifestyle, some people are showing signs of old age before reaching their age.


Why do people get old before their age?


Dr. Vikas Poudel, Dermatology and Venereologist


Senescence is a natural process as you grow older. But some people look old before their age. Premature aging is considered to be due to human genetics, diet and environment.




Heredity: Heredity plays an important role in various processes related to our age. Some people are prone to premature aging due to genetics.


Bad diet: Due to the lack of a balanced diet, if the right nutritional elements cannot be taken, the cells of the body begin to decay prematurely, which accelerates the aging process.


Processed food: eating a lot of processed food and fast food has a lot of negative effects on the body. As it contains more trans fat, sugar and unhealthy oil, it damages the cells of the body.


Excessive intake of salt: Excessive consumption of salt can cause water retention in the body, which leads to high blood pressure and other health problems. There is rapid decay in the cells, which causes premature aging.


Excess intake of sugar: Sugar weakens proteins like collagen and elastin, which creates problems in skin reconstruction.


Deficiency of nutrients: Due to lack of proper amount of vitamins and minerals (such as zinc, selenium), the cells of the body become weak.


Lack of protein: Protein helps in rebuilding body cells. If there is a lack of protein in the daily diet, then aging comes faster.


Stress and mental health: Stress, anxiety and depression can make people look older than they are. Staying under stress for a long time is harmful to health, which increases physical and mental problems.


Smoking and other drugs: Smoking has a number of negative effects on the body, including lung problems and rapid cell degeneration. It can make people look old before they reach their age.


Lack of sleep: If you don't get enough sleep, the body's rebuilding process is interrupted, which increases stress and weakens the body. Adequate sleep refreshes the body and slows down the aging process.


Bad lifestyle: Unhealthy lifestyle also causes premature aging. Poor diet, lack of physical activity and unhealthy habits weaken the body and accelerates the aging process.


In this way, premature aging is the result of various reasons. To reduce it, it is very important to eat right, have a healthy lifestyle, get enough sleep and be stress-free.


Some interesting facts about aging


Height decreases with age. The space between the bones of the spine is a gap, which is called the vertebrae, with increasing age, the gap between the bones decreases and the distance between the bones decreases. As a result, the height seems to be reduced by an inch or two.


According to the United Nations, Japan is the country with the largest elderly population in the world. Japan is number one in the list of countries with the highest proportion of population aged 65 and above in the total population of the country.


Why don't children like to go to school?

 Why don't children like to go to school?


A child who always goes to school sometimes suddenly refuses to go. They are afraid to go to school, cry, shout, fight. In front of such stubbornness of children, even the parents are helpless and do not send them to school according to their wishes. If such a situation occurs sometimes, it is not serious.


But in some cases children do not agree to go to school even for a long time. Parents' efforts to send the child to school are failing. There is a situation where it is difficult to send someone, who is sent soon, comes back again and sends it the next day.



In such a situation, some parents who are fed up with this behavior of children, instead of understanding the reason why the child does not go to school, think that the child is lying or making excuses and send him to school by beating him. Which is absolutely wrong.


They may not want to go to school because of the school environment, friends or teachers. In this case, instead of beating them, it is important to understand why they don't want to go.


Bullying from peers


School is also a place where friends gather. Most of the children have formed a group in school among their age group and close friend group. Some children may feel isolated because they cannot fit into an already established group. Not only that, sometimes there may be bullying from friends at school. At school, the actions of his friends like teasing, teasing, bullying, teasing and bullying by his friends can make him unable to say anything and fear can gradually settle in the child's heart. Because of that fear, hearing the name of the school can cause a headache for the child.


Consider yourself weak


In school, a child has to compete with his friends in everything. If he is weak in studies like other classmates or is repeatedly told by others, he will consider himself weak and lose confidence, who may not go to school. Furthermore, if a child takes longer to learn than other children, they may become more anxious and have trouble concentrating.



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Fear of being different


If he takes more time to learn than other children, if he cannot answer any question in class, his deficiency is seen as a joke in school. When unable to answer the question, the teacher reprimands the children, compares them with others, friends also tease them, so the children start looking for excuses to hide their weakness. It reduces the morale of children.


Failure to complete tasks on time


In school, teachers not only make them practice in school, but also give them homework to complete at home. In such a situation, some children do not understand the concept of practice or are afraid of being scolded by the teacher when they cannot complete their class work and homework. In such a situation, they think that the best way to avoid this abuse is not to go to school. So they make excuses not to go to school.


Can be anxiety


If a child tries to avoid going to school for various reasons, it can have a negative impact on him for life. For example, even after missing 6 months of schooling, it is difficult for children to rejoin the class later. This will put more mental pressure on them.


If there is a stressful environment in the school and it is not resolved in time, the child may develop anxiety. Inability to pay attention to studies, fear of exams, victimization by other children, beatings and torture by teachers may result in health problems in children such as: not wanting to go to school, fear of going to school, heaviness in the head after going to school, stomach ache, sometimes even fever.


Children suffering from such mental problems do not show any kind of physical illness even after a health check-up. In other words, a stressful environment can cause anxiety in them and make them feel uncomfortable physically as a reaction.


How to solve?


Try to find out the reason for not going to school


If such problems appear, first of all, they should find out the reason why such a problem appeared in them and start solving the problem. The first member close to the child is the parent. Parents should gently ask why they are not allowed to go to school. If the child does not speak, it is important to understand if something has happened at school. Because the more this problem is ignored, the more the child's mood deteriorates.


Behaving like a friend


Always talk to your child as a friend. So that he can tell you all his things openly.


After coming from school, you should try to mingle with the child. To begin with, you should tell about your school and the fun moments at school. So that they can be motivated to go to school thinking that it is a very fun place.


Do not scold if you are weak in studies


If the child is weak in studies, you can try to teach and explain to him. Parents or teachers should encourage them to work hard without pretending that they are weak.


Every teacher should patiently explain any topic to a child in a way they can understand. And, even if something goes wrong, they should be told affectionately so that they can take their weaknesses and mistakes and correct them in a positive way.


In children, if there is no improvement even after reprimanding, then medication should also be given in consultation with the relevant doctor.


Why are the voices of boys and girls different?

 Why are the voices of boys and girls different?


Why are the voices of men and women not the same? Why is every person's voice different? How can you identify a person just by hearing the voice?



This is a very interesting topic.


No matter how many people there are in the world, their voices are not uniform. Children born in the same house, from the womb of the same parents, do not have the same voice. There is something different in the voice. Moreover, male and female voices are very different.


Someone's voice is hoarse, someone's voice is melodious. Someone's voice is small, someone's voice is loud. What is the reason for such diversity in voice?


The sound we make or speak comes from the larynx in the throat. The larynx is called the larynx in medical language.


There are two chords in the larynx, between which the voice comes out through the middle of the air. In other words, sound or sound comes from vibration (vibrate) inside the vocal cords in the upper part of the trachea. The tongue and brain play a special role in speaking the voice that comes in this way in an understandable language or in a language that you want to express.


What is the position of the larynx?


The larynx is divided into two parts from the lower part of the throat. There are two vocal cords inside the larynx. Vocal cords are like strings. Sound is produced by the vibration of the vocal cords. It is located between the trachea and esophagus.


Why is the voice of men and women different?


Just as the physical structure of the face is different, the structure of the mechanism of women and men is also different. Women's vocal cords are shorter than men's. As a result, men's voices are usually thick due to long and thick layers. Whereas women's voice is a bit softer or melodious due to their longer larynx.


Likewise, not all men or women have the same voice. Just as the physical structure and face of a person are different, some are soft, some are sharp, some are pale and some are pale. Whatever the tone is, it is not a problem in itself, it is natural.


Why is someone's voice loud, someone's melodious?


If the structure of the larynx and the pressure on the larynx during breathing are high, a loud sound will be heard. If this pressure is low, the sound will be a bit mellow.


We say how melodious or sweet some people's voice is. In this way, their speaking practice is also one. According to the way people speak continuously, their voice may or may not be sweet. Our tongue, throat, facial bones and brain also play an indirect role in this.


Do people who speak loudly have problems with their larynx?


People who speak loudly and speak for a long time may have problems with the larynx.


Because when we speak loudly or for a long time, there is extra pressure on the larynx. Due to continuous friction, the problem of swelling of the flesh and water blisters occurs.


In the same way, talking in a loud voice can cause infection in the larynx.

Why are there more urinary tract infections in women?

 Why are there more urinary tract infections in women?


According to a study, about one and a half million people in America suffer from urinary problems every year. Around one and a half million people worldwide are treated for it every year.


Bladder swelling is called 'cystitis' in medical language. It is called Urinary Tract Infection or UTI, which in most cases is caused by bacterial infection. This happens when the bladder (urethra) and its pipe (tract) become infected.



UTI is a common disease. It can affect people of any age, from newborns to the elderly. The study concluded that UTI is more common in women than in men. In women, the probability of infection is 60 percent, while in men, it is only 13 percent.


A housewife said that she could not pay attention to her health due to housework. Because of this, she says that she has been facing the problem of burning urine frequently. She said that after taking the medicine, she seemed to be cured for about a month and then relapsed again. After doing yoga and pranayama, he has experienced relief.


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The 37-year-old teacher said that she has been suffering from burning urine frequently. She narrates that she had to face such problems due to the lack of good toilet facilities in the school and the lack of an environment to pay attention to cleanliness. At that time, she said that she had a little stomach ache at first and then it started to hurt a lot. It is his experience that he got relief after taking a half holiday from school and getting checked and taking antibiotics.


Reasons why UTIs are more common in women




Bacterial infection in the urinary tract or bladder causes UTI. It can happen to both men and women.


According to Tanuj Lawania, senior registered doctor of Sharda Medical College Greater Noida, it is more likely to develop cystitis in women than in men. A woman's urethra is smaller than a man's. About 20 cm, Dr. Lavania says, 'When a woman is infected with bacteria, there is a greater chance that the bacteria will enter through the bladder. Therefore, 10 percent of women have at least one sinusitis. Most of them are recurring problems.


"If a UTI is left untreated, the infection can spread to the kidneys," says Jennifer Rohn, head of the Center for Urological Biology at University College London. UTIs are usually e. It is caused by an infection with coli bacteria, although many other bacteria can also cause the infection.


Symptoms of a UTI


Dr. According to Tanuj, women can have many symptoms. Frequent urination, burning sensation or pain while urinating, feeling of burning on the skin of the vulva while urinating, blood in the urine, if these symptoms are ignored for a long time, women may have high fever symptoms.


What does the doctor test?


Dr. Tanuj says, 'In such a clinical inquiry, if there is a suspicion of UTI, we initially make the woman undergo a urine test. In which urine microscopy and culture tests are performed.


In which the cause of the infection is seen through a routine microscope. It is known whether it is caused by bacteria or fungus. While through culture it is known which bacteria it is from so that the medicine related to it can be given.



Dr. Tanuj Lawania

Other causes of infection in women


Dr. Tanuj adds, "Though UTI can be seen in all age groups, it is more common in married women. Similarly, women who drink less water and urinate for a long time are more at risk. Because it gives a chance for bacteria to accumulate. Besides, those who use more jet sprays, use chemicals for cleaning, don't change undergarments frequently, and those who don't take full care of cleanliness may be more likely.


The risk of UTI infection is higher in pregnant women and women with diabetes. It can also happen after menopause because the number of friendly bacteria in the vagina decreases.


If you have frequent UTI infections


Dr. Tanuj says, "In case of repeated UTI infection, ultrasound examination of women is done. In this, the kidney and the kidney tube (ureter) are checked to see if they are okay. If there are stones in kidney or bladder, urine infection also occurs.


What problems does UTI cause in the elderly?




Around one and a half million people in the world get UTI infection every year. Most of them are old men. "After increasing age, there are common symptoms such as burning while urinating, fever, pain in the lower back, smell of urine," said Dr. Tanuj says, 'If the size of the prostate gland in men increases, it puts pressure on the urinary bladder. It reduces the flow of urine. Because of this, they are likely to get UTI.


She says that UTIs in men are more serious than in women. In this case, you may need to be admitted to the hospital. If such symptoms are observed, the medicine should be taken only after checking with the doctor. She says that medicine should not be taken without a doctor's advice.


What to do to prevent UTI?


To prevent UTI infection, pay attention to diet, take measures to strengthen immunity, do not use antibiotics without the advice of a doctor, drink plenty of water, drink at least two to three liters of water daily.


Likewise, use a condom during sexual intercourse, if there is no condition to use a condom, a woman should urinate immediately after sexual intercourse and wash her genitals with water. The toilet pan should be cleaned with water before using the public toilet. 

Why is meat digested slowly?

Why is meat digested slowly?


Who doesn't love meat-based dishes? There are many people who consider weddings, parties and feasts as incomplete without meat dishes. Meat is also a nutritious food, but it takes a long time to digest.



Meat contains elements such as fat, protein, minerals and minerals. Since meat contains a lot of protein, it remains in the stomach for a long time after eating. Because it takes more time to digest protein food than carbohydrate food. To put it simply, it does not take time to digest meat, it takes time to digest fat.


Carbohydrates and fiber-rich food are digested within a few hours, while fat in meat is digested only after bile is released from the liver into the small intestine.


There are also different types of meat. The meat is tender, tough, with lots of bones and lots of fat. It is easier to digest the meat of khasi, goat or sheep, while hard, fibrous, red meat takes a long time to digest.


Khasi and venison are classified as red meat, while chicken and fish are classified as white meat. Rabbit meat is cooked the fastest. Because it is very soft. Besides, chicken meat and fish are easy to digest.


How to cook meat


Meat can be made and eaten in many ways. It can be eaten by boiling, grating, using, frying, making jhol, making gravy. Generally, it is customary to eat a lot of meat by burning, grilling and frying it. But eating more than this is beneficial for health. It is also easy to digest. Because the fat in the cooked meat melts and the spices including oil are reduced, it is physically beneficial. The meat may not be cooked well if eaten after frying. Burnt meat is hard to chew if the inside is not cooked properly. Due to which, when a large piece of meat is in the stomach, it is slow to digest. It is easier to digest if you make small pieces of meat and cook them like soup.


Chewing process


How meat or other food is chewed makes a difference in the digestive process. If you eat meat and chew it in your mouth for a long time, it is easier to digest it, but if you do not chew it well, it will take time to digest it.


If the time is not favorable


In Nepali society, it is customary to eat 'heavy' food like meat in the evening, which is wrong. Eating meat in the evening takes a long time to digest because there is no physical activity. Therefore, it is better to eat meat in the morning or in the afternoon for better digestion. If you sleep three hours after eating dinner, it will be easier to digest.


Digestive capacity


How long it takes to digest meat also depends on a person's digestive capacity. Compared to people with strong digestion, it is difficult for those with weak digestion to digest meat. In general, children and elderly people have weak digestion, so it is better for them to eat less meat.


In general, meat is suitable for children and the elderly as their digestion process is weak, so they should consume less meat dishes. If you eat too much, it can cause constipation, stomach upset and even problems in the anus.


Illness also plays a role in poor digestion. People with chronic diseases, stomach, intestines, cholesterol have weak digestive capacity compared to others. They may find it very difficult to digest meat. Therefore, it is better for sick people to eat meat dishes in a balanced way.


How much meat to eat?


In Nepali society, meat is not eaten in a balanced way. The habit of not eating for a long time and eating too much at once brings problems. Therefore, a normal person should eat 100 grams of meat in a day.

Why does chayapoto come on the face?

Why does chayapoto come on the face?


Who doesn't love clean, glowing and blemish-free skin? But sometimes due to skin diseases and sometimes due to our own carelessness, facial skin problems occur.

Why does the body need sour cream?

Why does the body need sour cream?


There is a proverb in Nepali - red is good, sweet. But it's not just sweets, there are other flavors as well. The tongue experiences sour, bitter, salty, bitter, and sour tastes. All those flavors have their own importance. Nutrient elements are also found in different flavors of food.

Why do teeth and gum problems occur during pregnancy?

Why do teeth and gum problems occur during pregnancy?


It is equally important to take care of teeth and mouth during pregnancy as well as overall health. Hormonal changes during pregnancy increase the problem of teeth and gums in women. If the health of the mother's mouth is not good, it can also affect the development of the child's teeth and gums. Therefore, pregnant women need to take special care of their teeth and gums.

Marital happiness: why women are not sexually active?

Marital happiness: why women are not sexually active?


Often women are not forward for sex. In some cases, they have sex only to satisfy and please their husbands and partners.

Why does heart rate increase when you are scared or anxious?

Why does heart rate increase when you are scared or anxious?


When we suddenly panic or fear for some reason, then the heart beats faster. We think that the heart will come out.

Why does the baby live outside the womb?

Why does the baby live outside the womb?


Many physical changes occur during pregnancy. When the fertilized egg attaches to the uterus, pregnancy begins. But in some pregnant women, there is also the problem of the baby sitting outside the uterus.

Why do cramps occur?

Why do cramps occur?


Psychiatrist Dr. According to Saroj Ojha, there are four stages of sleep in the process of falling asleep and waking up.

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