Why and how is YouTube a threat to television channels?

 Why and how is YouTube a threat to television channels?

Last July was a good month for YouTube, as for the first time in the US, people spent more time on YouTube than watching TV or movies.

As a result, YouTube even surpassed OTT platforms such as Disney, Paramount, Fox Channel, Netflix and Amazon. However, a few months later, YouTube fell to second place, behind Disney and DC platforms.

In fact, YouTube’s popularity is growing worldwide. In the UK, 50 percent of people aged 16 to 24 prefer to watch YouTube instead of watching television programs.

Has YouTube completely overtaken TV channels?

According to Mark Bergen, a Bloomberg technology journalist and author of the book about YouTube, Like, Comment and Subscribe: YouTube’s Chaotic Rise to World Domination, about three billion people watch YouTube every month in the world. Most of them are between the ages of 25 and 35. That is, they are younger than the main TV audience. It is now available on apps, video game consoles and smart TVs.

He says YouTube has become the most popular online platform and the biggest way for advertising companies to reach people. It is the largest catalog of videos. People can search and watch different things on YouTube.

YouTube launched in 2005

The online video sharing and streaming platform YouTube was launched in 2005. The first video uploaded to it was just 19 seconds long, which its co-founder recorded while walking around the San Diego Zoo in California.

Google bought YouTube for $1.65 billion a year after its founding. YouTube is most viewed in India, where about 400 million people watch YouTube.

According to Mark Bergen, in many new emerging markets such as Brazil and Indonesia, YouTube has not only replaced TV channels, but has also become the main source of entertainment and news there.

YouTube Los Angeles Headquarters

According to Mark Bergen, YouTube has evolved in three phases.

“A former YouTube executive told me that the company’s mantra was ‘Challenge, Joke, or Truth?’” He says. At first, the entertainment industry and advertising companies didn’t take YouTube seriously.

Then came YouTube’s second phase, where it became a threat to Hollywood, the TV industry, Netflix, and Amazon. It started making its own original shows and charging subscribers like Netflix.

According to Bergen, YouTube started making original and expensive content in 2016. However, it couldn’t compete with the investment of companies like Netflix and closed this department in 2022. Now, in this new phase, YouTube has consolidated its position.

Mark Bergen says that people now use YouTube as a utility platform. For example, people use YouTube videos to watch cooking recipes or repair something.

People can easily find most of the videos they need on YouTube. YouTube has its own celebrities whose popularity is no less than that of Hollywood actors.

Mr. Beast, a 26-year-old content creator, whose YouTube channel surpassed Indian music channel T-Series in June. He has 320 million subscribers. So YouTube has proven that anyone can become a star.

YouTube and its famous content creators earn a lot of money from advertising. When an advertisement appears on a video uploaded to the channel, they earn money.

Mark Bergen says: Advertising companies pay YouTube to broadcast their ads, and YouTube keeps 45% of that amount and gives the rest to the respective YouTube channels or three content creators. When YouTube adopted this model in 2007, it was a very new and risky idea. But that same model has proven to be one of the main reasons for YouTube's success.

With the exception of a few services, most of YouTube's services are free. According to Mark Bergen, YouTube is experiencing so many videos that it has become a challenge to regulate them.

YouTube Content Monitoring

Content Creator Mr. Beast

Chris Stokel-Walker, a journalist and author of the book How YouTube Shook Up TV and Created a New Generation of Stars, explains that YouTube is excluded from the legal framework that many TV broadcasters have to operate under.

This means that the strict editorial rules that apply to TV networks do not apply to YouTube content.

To understand this, we need to go back in history. Many years before YouTube arrived, in 1996, the US Department of Information and Communications Technology amended the Communications Decency Act (CDA) to add Section 230, which was designed to give tech companies a boost.

The aim was to protect these companies from potential lawsuits because they did not have enough people or resources to monitor the content that was being broadcast on their platforms.

Chris Stokel-Walker says: This law meant that these companies only broadcast user-generated content, but they don't take responsibility for it. Nor do they have to pay for it.

There is a responsibility to review each piece of content.

But now, people who upload offensive content or make offensive comments on YouTube can be prosecuted. Today, technology companies are making billions of dollars, and they still maintain legal protections.

According to Chris Stokel-Walker, these companies have been taking advantage of this exception for twenty years, and only now are we starting to think about the consequences. Now, copyright and other legal provisions are being applied to determine the liability of companies like YouTube.

In 2019, Google and YouTube were sued for collecting data from children under the age of 13 without their parents' consent. In that case, the companies had to pay $170 million.

According to Chris Stokel-Walker, these companies are spread around the world and are not subject to the jurisdiction of any one country. However, in many places they are also under government surveillance.

For example, YouTube has been banned or criticized in many countries in the Middle East because it contains videos that involve sex, sexual violence, and drug use, which are not as controversial in Western countries. However, these contents are against the culture of Middle Eastern countries.

Recently, the European Union has implemented two new legal provisions to ensure online safety and control anti-competitive behavior of technology companies. However, the implementation of these legal provisions is problematic because of the large amount of content uploaded to YouTube.

According to one statistic, 500 hours of content are uploaded to YouTube every minute. This creates many difficulties in monitoring.

YouTube has its own rules and guidelines that clearly state what kind of content can and cannot be uploaded. For example, hate speech and offensive comments are prohibited, and users who do not follow these rules are warned or even banned.

YouTube also blocks ads on such content, which means that the creators of that content do not earn money.

Is TikTok a challenge for YouTube?

TikTok

Earlier, the TV industry could not consider YouTube as its competitor. But now, YouTube has become a powerful competitor not only for TV channels but also for Hollywood, Netflix and Disney.

YouTube's biggest advantage is that it has user-generated content, where users do not need to think about what will be trending or popular.

On the other hand, TV companies and OTT platforms have to think about this deeply, because they have to invest a lot of money in their content. This takes time, and sometimes the content may not be popular with the audience. But for YouTube, this is not a problem. On the other hand, YouTube also knows very well what content viewers are watching on its platform.

Netflix or other traditional television channels only create content. But YouTube knows what we have watched or liked in recent days and based on that, shows ads on YouTube or recommends similar videos to watch. That is why YouTube is more connected to the audience than other streaming platforms and traditional TV.

But one of YouTube's weaknesses is that it doesn't make big-budget videos like other channels and doesn't broadcast big sporting events. TV and streaming platforms also want to take advantage of YouTube's reach.

For example, when TV channels and streaming platforms launch new shows, they use YouTube to promote them.

YouTube doesn't see a threat from traditional TV, but it is also concerned about the growing popularity of TikTok, a video-sharing app that also features user-generated content. Because TikTok is competing with YouTube.

TikTok really knows how to entertain people. People spend hours watching videos on TikTok.

In fact, all platforms now want to attract user attention, and apps like TikTok can challenge YouTube. However, YouTube has so much variety and interesting content that no one can shake its leading position in the current market.

The mantra

YouTube

According to Dr. Marlene Komorowski, a professor of European media markets at the University of Brussels, YouTube is once again focusing more on advertising and content creators, which was its original mantra.

It has started placing more ads on YouTube channels. Last year, YouTube earned $31.5 billion from advertising, which is 10 percent more than its parent company Google.

According to Komorowski, YouTube has achieved great success and has established its dominance in various markets around the world. Just as the Disney Channel invests heavily in content production, YouTube is also investing heavily in content production. YouTube has spent $20 billion worldwide on content production, which is a huge amount.

YouTube's main goal is to The goal is to attract the attention of the audience and being part of Google helps it a lot in bringing new features to its platform.

According to Dr. Marlin Komorowski, with the help of Google, YouTube brings useful features to its content creators on its channels. It automatically translates the videos uploaded to it and adds subtitles to their videos. Google is developing this AI to help its creators.

Considering the competition with TikTok, YouTube has included the Shorts feature, which is a video shorter than a minute. Shorts is really giving TikTok a run for its money.

Such a short video format feature is also available on Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram.

According to experts, Google keeps bringing new features and products by considering what other competing platforms are doing, which are becoming very popular and successful.

There was a time when Facebook seemed to be very powerful. But now TikTok has made a strong presence in the social media market, which has a lot of very young users. On the other hand, Facebook and YouTube users are a bit more mature than Tiktok.

Now let's get back to the main question: Has YouTube completely defeated TV channels? In fact, YouTube has closed its original content creation department. But this does not mean that TV channels are less threatened by it. In fact, YouTube has posed a big challenge to TV channels by focusing more on user-generated content. Watching YouTube every day has become a daily routine for millions of people. Advertisements have increased YouTube's income and it is increasing its investment in content creation. YouTube's content is always available on the Internet. Due to which people have started watching YouTube more than TV.

What are the top 3 types of insurance? What is risk in insurance?

 What are the top 3 types of insurance? What is risk in insurance?

The **top three types of insurance** are typically the ones most essential for individuals and families to ensure financial security and peace of mind. Here's a breakdown of each:  

---

### 1. **Health Insurance**  

**Why It’s Important:**  

Health insurance covers medical expenses, including doctor visits, hospital stays, surgeries, and medications. It ensures that individuals and families can access necessary healthcare without facing overwhelming financial burdens.  

**Key Benefits:**  

- Covers preventive care (e.g., vaccinations and check-ups).  

- Reduces out-of-pocket costs for major medical procedures.  

- Protects against unexpected health crises and chronic conditions.  

**Popular Options:**  

- Employer-sponsored health plans.  

- Government programs like Medicare and Medicaid.  

- Private health insurance policies.  

---

### 2. **Life Insurance**  

**Why It’s Important:**  

Life insurance provides financial support to your loved ones in the event of your death. It helps cover expenses like funeral costs, outstanding debts, and future living expenses for your family.  

**Key Benefits:**  

- Ensures financial stability for dependents.  

- Helps pay off mortgages, loans, and other debts.  

- Offers peace of mind, knowing your family is financially secure.  

**Types of Life Insurance:**  

- **Term Life Insurance:** Coverage for a specific period (e.g., 10, 20, or 30 years).  

- **Whole Life Insurance:** Lifetime coverage with a cash value component.  

- **Universal Life Insurance:** Flexible policies with investment options.  

---

### 3. **Auto Insurance**  

**Why It’s Important:**  

Auto insurance is often required by law and protects drivers from financial liabilities related to car accidents, theft, or damage. It covers both personal and third-party risks.  

**Key Benefits:**  

- Covers repair or replacement costs for your vehicle.  

- Provides liability coverage for damages or injuries caused to others.  

- Protects against uninsured or underinsured drivers.  

**Coverage Options:**  

- **Liability Insurance:** Covers damages and injuries you cause to others.  

- **Collision Coverage:** Pays for damage to your own vehicle.  

- **Comprehensive Coverage:** Covers non-collision-related damages, like theft or natural disasters.  

---

### Why These Three?  

These types of insurance address the most common and critical risks individuals face: health emergencies, the financial impact of death, and liabilities related to vehicle use. Together, they form the foundation of a sound financial protection plan.  

In the context of insurance, **risk** refers to the possibility or likelihood of an event occurring that could result in financial loss, injury, or damage to property. Insurance is fundamentally about managing this uncertainty by transferring the financial burden of potential risks from the insured to the insurer.

---

### **Types of Risk in Insurance**

1. **Pure Risk**  

   - Involves situations where there is only a possibility of loss or no loss, with no potential for gain.  

   - Examples: Natural disasters, theft, illness, or death.  

   - Insurers typically cover pure risks because they can be measured and predicted statistically.  

2. **Speculative Risk**  

   - Involves situations where there is a possibility of loss, no loss, or a gain.  

   - Examples: Investments, business ventures.  

   - Speculative risks are not insurable because they depend on individual choices and market conditions.  

---

### **Components of Risk in Insurance**

1. **Peril**  

   - A specific cause of loss, such as fire, flood, or accident.  

   - Example: A house burning down due to a fire is a peril.  

2. **Hazard**  

   - Conditions or circumstances that increase the likelihood of a peril occurring.  

   - Types of Hazards:  

     - **Physical Hazards:** Tangible factors like a faulty electrical system.  

     - **Moral Hazards:** Behavioral risks, like exaggerating claims.  

     - **Morale Hazards:** Carelessness, such as leaving doors unlocked.  

---

### **Risk Assessment in Insurance**  

Insurers assess risk to determine:  

1. **Premiums:** Higher-risk individuals or properties may be charged more.  

2. **Policy Terms:** Coverage limits and exclusions are set based on the risk profile.  

3. **Insurability:** Some risks are deemed uninsurable if they are too unpredictable or catastrophic.  

---

### **Risk Mitigation in Insurance**  

Insurance doesn't eliminate risk but helps manage it. Risk mitigation strategies include:  

1. **Risk Transfer:** Transferring the financial burden to an insurer by purchasing a policy.  

2. **Risk Reduction:** Taking steps to lower the likelihood or severity of risks (e.g., installing smoke detectors).  

3. **Risk Retention:** Accepting minor risks (like small deductibles) to save on premiums.  

---

### **Examples of Risk in Different Insurance Types**

- **Health Insurance:** The risk of illness or injury leading to medical expenses.  

- **Auto Insurance:** The risk of car accidents or vehicle theft.  

- **Life Insurance:** The risk of premature death and its financial impact on dependents.  

- **Property Insurance:** The risk of property damage due to natural disasters or theft.  

---

Understanding risk is the cornerstone of insurance. It enables insurers to design policies that protect individuals and businesses while ensuring sustainability for the company.

What is Insurance? A Comprehensive Guide

What is Insurance? A Comprehensive Guide

**Introduction**  

Insurance plays a vital role in modern life, offering financial protection and peace of mind. But what exactly is insurance, and why is it so important? In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the meaning of insurance, its types, benefits, key terms, and how it impacts individuals, businesses, and economies.

---

## **Chapter 1: Understanding Insurance**  

### 1.1 Definition of Insurance  

Insurance is a contract between an individual or entity (the insured) and an insurance company (the insurer). In exchange for regular payments, known as premiums, the insurer agrees to provide financial compensation in case of specified losses or damages.

### 1.2 The Purpose of Insurance  

Insurance serves as a financial safety net, helping individuals and businesses recover from unexpected events such as accidents, illnesses, natural disasters, or theft.

### 1.3 Key Principles of Insurance  

- **Risk Management:** Spreading the risk across many policyholders.  

- **Utmost Good Faith:** Transparency between the insured and insurer.  

- **Indemnity:** Restoring the insured to their original financial position.  

- **Subrogation:** The insurer's right to recover costs from third parties.  

---

## **Chapter 2: The History of Insurance**  

### 2.1 Early Beginnings  

- **Ancient Times:** Insurance traces back to Babylonian merchants in 2000 BCE, who used "bottomry contracts" to protect against shipping losses.  

- **Medieval Europe:** The concept of marine insurance developed in the 14th century to safeguard maritime trade.  

### 2.2 Modern Evolution  

- The establishment of **Lloyd’s of London** in the 17th century laid the groundwork for contemporary insurance.  

- The 20th century saw the rise of life, health, and auto insurance as essential protections.  

---

## **Chapter 3: Types of Insurance**  

### 3.1 Life Insurance  

Provides financial support to beneficiaries upon the policyholder’s death.  

- **Term Life Insurance:** Coverage for a specific period.  

- **Whole Life Insurance:** Permanent coverage with a savings component.  

- **Universal Life Insurance:** Flexible premiums and death benefits.  

### 3.2 Health Insurance  

Covers medical expenses, including doctor visits, surgeries, and prescriptions.  

- **Private Health Insurance:** Purchased individually or through employers.  

- **Public Health Insurance:** Government programs like Medicare and Medicaid.  

### 3.3 Property and Casualty Insurance  

Protects against loss or damage to property.  

- **Homeowners Insurance:** Covers homes and personal belongings.  

- **Auto Insurance:** Mandatory in most regions to cover vehicular damages.  

### 3.4 Liability Insurance  

Covers legal liabilities and damages caused to third parties.  

- **General Liability:** Common for businesses.  

- **Professional Liability (E&O):** Protects professionals like doctors and lawyers.  

### 3.5 Specialized Insurance  

- **Travel Insurance:** Protects against trip cancellations, lost luggage, and medical emergencies abroad.  

- **Pet Insurance:** Covers veterinary costs for pets.  

- **Cyber Insurance:** Shields businesses from online threats and data breaches.  

---

## **Chapter 4: How Insurance Works**  

### 4.1 The Insurance Process  

1. **Application:** The individual applies for coverage.  

2. **Underwriting:** The insurer evaluates the risk and decides on coverage terms.  

3. **Policy Issuance:** The contract outlines coverage, exclusions, and premiums.  

4. **Claims:** The insured files a claim when a covered event occurs.  

### 4.2 Key Insurance Terms  

- **Premium:** Regular payments made by the insured.  

- **Deductible:** The amount the insured pays out-of-pocket before coverage kicks in.  

- **Policy Limit:** The maximum amount the insurer will pay for a covered loss.  

---

## **Chapter 5: The Importance of Insurance**  

### 5.1 Financial Security  

Insurance minimizes the financial burden of unexpected events.  

### 5.2 Legal Requirements  

In many cases, insurance is mandatory, such as auto insurance and workers’ compensation.  

### 5.3 Peace of Mind  

Knowing that you are covered allows individuals and businesses to focus on their goals without undue worry.  

---

## **Chapter 6: Challenges in the Insurance Industry**  

### 6.1 Fraudulent Claims  

Fraud increases costs for insurers and policyholders alike.  

### 6.2 Underinsurance  

Many people lack adequate coverage, leaving them vulnerable to financial loss.  

### 6.3 Regulatory Issues  

Insurance companies must navigate complex regulations that vary by region.  

---

## **Chapter 7: The Role of Technology in Insurance**  

### 7.1 InsurTech Revolution  

Emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain are transforming the industry.  

### 7.2 Digital Insurance Platforms  

Apps and online portals make it easier to purchase, manage, and claim insurance.  

### 7.3 Predictive Analytics  

AI helps insurers assess risk and customize premiums for individual policyholders.  

---

## **Chapter 8: Choosing the Right Insurance**  

### 8.1 Assess Your Needs  

Consider factors like age, health, income, and dependents when selecting policies.  

### 8.2 Compare Providers  

Use tools like comparison websites to evaluate coverage options and premiums.  

### 8.3 Read the Fine Print  

Understand exclusions, waiting periods, and coverage limits before signing up.  

---

## **Chapter 9: FAQs About Insurance**  

### 9.1 Is insurance mandatory?  

Some types, like auto insurance, are required by law, while others are optional but highly recommended.  

### 9.2 How are premiums calculated?  

Factors like age, health, lifestyle, and coverage type influence premium costs.  

### 9.3 Can I have multiple insurance policies?  

Yes, many people combine policies for comprehensive protection (e.g., life and health insurance).  

---

## **Chapter 10: The Future of Insurance**  

### 10.1 Personalization  

Insurance will become more tailored to individual needs using big data and AI.  

### 10.2 Sustainability  

Climate change is driving the need for innovative coverage options, such as green insurance.  

### 10.3 Global Access  

Digital platforms will make insurance accessible to underserved regions worldwide.  

---

**Conclusion**  

Insurance is more than a financial product; it’s a tool for safeguarding your future and achieving peace of mind. By understanding its principles, types, and benefits, you can make informed decisions to protect yourself and your loved ones.  

Whether you're new to insurance or looking to deepen your knowledge, this guide equips you with everything you need to navigate the world of insurance confidently.

---

E-cigarettes are becoming a fashion among the youth, health is at risk

 E-cigarettes are becoming a fashion among the youth, health is at risk

12-year-old Sarah Griffin, who lives in the UK, suffered from asthma last September. Sarah, who has been in a coma in the hospital for a few days, is now improving. But his addiction to vape has badly damaged his lungs.

According to the BBC, one of the girl's lungs is almost completely destroyed. According to the doctor, his respiratory system has become like that of an 80-year-old instead of a 12-year-old child. Vape, which can make a 12-year-old's respiratory system look like an 80-year-old's, is now gaining popularity not only in Western countries, but also in Eastern countries. Vape (e-cigarette) has started to become a headache among tobacco products.

What is vape?

A vape is an electric cigarette that runs on a battery. People use it to heat liquids into a vapor that can be inhaled. It is considered a cancer-causing tobacco product because the inhaled vapor contains nicotine (a drug that makes tobacco addictive), flavors and toxic substances.

Vape became fashionable in Yuvapindi

Doctors say that the number of school-aged children who use vape in Nepal is increasing. Chest specialist Niraj Bam says, 'Vape has become like a fashion among young people. School and plus two age group studying in urban areas who have started adolescence are getting addicted to vape.

Psychiatrist Dr. Nirajan Bhattarai says that vape has made it easier for young people who are afraid or hesitant to smoke. Even if they want to smoke, children who are afraid and ashamed of their parents will confidently smoke in front of everyone. It has become a problem to openly smoke vape as a style. Because of this, the number of vape users is increasing, Dr. Bhattarai says.

Dr. Nirajan Bhattarai, Psychiatrist

Health risks

Dr. He says that the use of vape, which is being consumed like bomb cigarettes, will cause short-term and long-term health problems. According to him, the short-term effects may include vomiting, nausea, cough, difficulty breathing, mouth burning, and asthma and pneumonia. Long-term effects can include lung infections and damage, heart disease, cancer, and brain problems.

Dr. Bam adds, 'Nicotine products are considered harmful to health, which is why most countries have banned them. It should be banned in Nepal as well.

What do the statistics say?

According to a recent survey in the UK, one in five children between the ages of 11 and 17 use vape. This number is three times more than in 2020.

In the case of Nepal, there has been no research on this. Therefore, it is not possible to estimate how many people use vape. But many people who come to the OPD with lung problems are found to be using vape and hookah. Bam says. Because of this, he says, it will be difficult to control the use of tobacco products like vape and hookah, just as we have to gradually reduce smoking in Nepal.

Greater impact at younger ages

Dr. According to Bam, vaping poses a double threat to the younger age group. First, the various chemicals used in it, nicotine, harms the lungs. It weakens the lungs at an early age. Secondly, once you become addicted, the chances of getting addicted to cigarettes increase even more,” he says. Nicotine affects the brain development of children and adolescents. He says that in the future they will not be able to concentrate on their studies.

Dr. Neeraj Bam, thoracic specialist

Vaping is not a substitute for quitting smoking

In 2003, Hon Lik, a Chinese pharmacist who made e-cigarettes, claimed that he could easily quit smoking with its help. But e-cigarettes, which were created to help people get rid of cigarette addiction, have now become a big challenge for the world. Dr. There is no authentic research that the use of e-cigarettes helps to quit smoking. Bam says.

Is vape less dangerous than cigarettes? Dr. Bam says, 'Of the two types of poison, which one is better is the same thing. The possibility of quitting smoking through e-cigarettes is completely delusional. Harmful substances like nicotine are found in both.

How do you get addicted to vape?

Psychiatrist Dr. According to Bhattarai, vaping every day is likely to become addictive. It seems that after starting to eat under the pressure of social media, peers and friends, it gradually becomes a craving and becomes an addiction. If you start drinking tea during the day, as you get used to it, the more you consume the nicotine in the vape, the more you will become addicted. Nicotine increases the level of dopamine (hormone of pleasure). As a result, the desire to eat increases. The role of nicotine is to depend on it. Most people are taking it in the name of getting rid of smoking addiction. Who gradually becomes addicted to it,' said Dr. Bhattarai says.

Addiction treatment is possible

It is possible to get rid of vape addiction. But with family, own desire and medical treatment is necessary. Bhattarai says. In the treatment of its addiction, depending on the level of addiction, chewing gum and nicotine spray are given to reduce nicotine. After that, some medication and therapy will gradually reduce the desire for nicotine. Bhattarai says.

E-cigarette is becoming a 'gate way' to start smoking

 E-cigarette is becoming a 'gate way' to start smoking

The use of electronic cigarettes (vape) is currently being widely used all over the world. Its use is excessive among young people. Although there is no definite data in Nepal, it is also a fact among us that its use among the youth is increasing day by day. It seems to have started as a way to quit smoking or a solution to tobacco addiction. Recently, it seems that users are using it as a means of entertainment or a different identity.

According to the World Health Organization and various researches, it does not have much of a useful effect in the management of tobacco addiction, on the contrary, it is playing a role as a gateway to start smoking even in people who do not smoke.

What is e-cigarette?

It is a type of electrical device, which heats the liquid tobacco and the flavor used in it and turns it into steam. The user inhales the vapor through the 'mouthpiece' in it. E-cigarettes are available in different forms, types and flavors. E-cigarettes available at various prices are advertised as tobacco-free and tobacco-free. Similarly, the e-cigarettes available in the market are either single-use or multi-use.

What harm does it do?

Regular use of e-cigarettes causes many health complications and harms to human health. Basically, there are various problems in the respiratory system such as persistent dry cough, asthma-like symptoms, wheezing, and constant chest pain. In some cases, the effect of its steam can seriously affect the lungs and even lead to very complicated conditions. According to data, its use significantly increases the risk of various heart diseases and heart attack. Apart from the effects of the nicotine used in it, various mental problems can occur due to the side effects of the chemicals in the developing brain of young people and adults.

Challenges in public health

Unlike the purpose with which e-cigarettes were started, the current major public health challenge is the excessive use of e-cigarettes among young people and adults. If we look at the data of Australia in 2023, more than 17 percent of young people consume it. It seems that one out of every two young people will use e-cigarettes in their lifetime.

What is even more alarming is that even children of 12 years of age or below have been found to be using it regularly. In the Australian state of Victoria alone, more than 14 percent of children between the ages of 12 and 17 are caught in its clutches. Among them, 48 percent don't even smoke and after some time they are also caught in the habit of smoking. Taking these data as a basis, it is becoming a gateway for non-smokers to start smoking. In some cases, it has been found that the user children do not even have proper knowledge about its bad effects and harm.

Another challenge is the regulation of more than 200 chemical elements in it, which act as flavor. What should not be forgotten is that harmful tobacco products have been found in more than 21 percent of e-cigarettes advertised and marketed as tobacco-free.

Also read this

E-cigarettes are becoming a fashion among the youth, health is at risk

Solutions

Taking Nepal's involvement in the World Health Organization's Framework Convention for Tobacco Control as a basis, it seems that e-cigarettes should be regulated as tobacco products. However, in various countries including Australia, stricter legal provisions than those in the framework have been adopted for its regulation. Even in Nepal, as there are debates about its regulation, it seems that a strict legal system should be in view of the public health risk. It has to be properly managed in time as well as economic and social risks. It seems that there should be a complete ban on its export, production, marketing and commercialization. In addition, it seems that a clear message should be conveyed regarding the prohibition of its use in public places, schools, hotels, restaurants and other places.

It seems that there is a need to collect and research data on the use of e-cigarettes and the actual situation in Nepal from the government and non-government. Compared to other countries, it seems that it is necessary to identify the level of risk our young people are and adopt corresponding strategies.

It is the need of today to create and adopt youth-targeted health awareness and public health promotion programs involving the youth as well. Parents also need to be aware that their children are not involved in such kind of culture. In order to discourage the possible use in educational institutions, schools and hostels, it seems that it is necessary to conduct school-targeted awareness programs and to include materials about the harms and side effects of e-cigarettes in the curriculum, to increase the knowledge of children and youth and to develop the skills to avoid smoking.

Who is more at risk of diabetes?

 Who is more at risk of diabetes?

Diabetes is a chronic health problem. Diabetes is a health problem that occurs when the body's pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body's insulin cannot be used effectively.

Insulin is a type of hormone that controls blood glucose. Disturbances in insulin also cause disturbances in the amount of glucose or sugar in the blood. A pregnant woman's glucose level is 95. Other people should have 100 under normal conditions or 140 two hours after eating. The condition that is more than that is called diabetes. If not controlled in time, it can cause serious damage to many body systems, especially nerves and blood vessels.

Diabetes (Type 2 type) has been increasing worldwide for the past three decades. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 422 million people worldwide are currently suffering from diabetes. Most of them are citizens of low and middle income countries. Similarly, 1.5 million people die every year due to diabetes. A global target has been set to halt the rise in diabetes and obesity by 2025.

Types of diabetes

Like other diseases, there are many types of diabetes. Mainly it can be divided into four types namely type one, type two, gestational and secondary.

Type 1 diabetes: This is an auto immune disease. This disease, which usually occurs in children, is caused by the body's own immune system. The cells in the body that make insulin are called beta cells, which are located in the pancreas. Sometimes the body's immune system damages the beta cells and prevents them from making insulin. Due to the lack of insulin production in the body, the glucose in the blood becomes unbalanced. In the case of type 1 diabetes, children have problems like diarrhea and vomiting.

Type 2 diabetes: About 95 percent of people have type 2 diabetes. This is due to lifestyle, obesity and genetics. Nowadays, it has been found that type 2 diabetes is also caused by stress.

Gestational diabetes: Diabetes that occurs during pregnancy is called gestational diabetes. Diabetes occurs after 24 weeks of pregnancy due to imbalance in hormones. It can affect pregnancy and unborn baby.

Secondary diabetes: Secondary diabetes is a disorder that occurs when beta cells cannot produce insulin due to external factors. When drinking more alcohol, hypothyroid hormone is high and insulin cannot work. It is diabetes caused by other health problems. Secondary diabetes is also cured when the disease is cured.

How to know if you have diabetes?

There are two types of symptoms of diabetes, classic and non-classic. Diabetic patients experience increased hunger, thirst and urination. In this case, urine is more at night. If you don't have to get up the night before, you have to get up one or two or three times during the night when you have sugar. The only thing that will decrease is the weight. This is called a classic symptom.

Non-classical symptoms may include non-healing wounds, fatigue, and ringworm. But one thing to understand is that 50% of people with diabetes have no symptoms. You may have diabetes without knowing it.

Under what conditions will the test be conducted?

Even healthy people should check their sugar at least once a year. When testing like that, not only random sugar, fasting sugar, but 'glycosylated hemoglobin' should be tested, which can tell the blood sugar level of a person for three months. Testing can also be done on the basis of risk (risk factor). For example, if a family member has diabetes, is obese, has a stressful life, does not eat well, does not have a habit of physical exercise, or is planning to have children, it should be tested.

Sometimes the physical condition that we do not notice can also be a symptom of diabetes. For example, the neck looks dirty, the armpits look black. This condition is often seen in children, but it is more easily seen in women. We think this is due to the black sun. But because of diabetes and those who are about to develop diabetes, these symptoms should be tested.

What kind of people are at risk of diabetes?

In the past, people over the age of 50 were considered to be at risk for diabetes. Then it was said that people above 45 years of age can be allowed. But nowadays people above 30 years of age are also prone to diabetes. If there is diabetes in the family, if there is more weakness, then at least once a year a diabetes test must be done.

The changes in people's lifestyles after the Covid epidemic are also increasing the risk of diabetes. After covid, physical exercises from children to adults have decreased and children are also spending more time on laptops and mobile phones. Like in the past, cycling and participating in outdoor sports have disappeared. During the covid era, studying, playing, and entertaining were all on laptops and mobiles. Such physical inactivity also increases the risk of diabetes.

What is the risk of other diseases when having diabetes?

Half of people with diabetes have no symptoms. Diabetes causes health complications. Such complications may come after 5, 10, 15 years. Diabetes can cause problems in the heart, eyes, blood circulation in the legs and kidneys.

Diabetic patients are twice as likely to have heart attack and heart disease. It has been found that almost 90 percent of diabetic patients die due to heart disease. Moreover, the vision is worldwide Diabetes has also been found to be the cause of absence. It damages the retina of the eye, which leads to blindness.

Similarly, the risk of stroke in diabetic patients is 10 to 15 times higher and it also causes paralysis. Even now, diabetes is seen as the reason for having to amputate a leg after an accident. Similarly, diabetes is the main cause of kidney failure.

Something to note

Diabetes is normal, I can control it, I am told nothing happened. Most patients take medicine as soon as they get a little gastric. But instead of taking sugar medicine, there is a tradition that we should eat it and not talk about it. But this should not be done. Even if there are no bad symptoms, it weakens the person and sooner or later, complications can occur at any time. It causes dismemberment.

Most people think that obese people are more likely to develop diabetes. But people with more belly fat are more at risk of type 2 diabetes than fat-lean people. Therefore, more attention should be paid to losing weight than losing weight.

So don't despair if you get diabetes. Adjust your lifestyle, because this is a disease of lifestyle. Take medicine regularly. Consult a doctor on time. Get tested. Don't be careless because there are no symptoms. Raise children in a healthy manner.

How healthy is Yarsagumba?

 How healthy is Yarsagumba?

We have heard and seen that people risk their lives to pick Yarsagumba in the Himalayas of Nepal. Yarsagumba is sold in foreign countries from Nepal at the price of lakhs.

It can be understood that Yarsagumba is precious. It is full of health-enhancing, strength-enhancing and disease-fighting abilities. Many diseases that can affect the body can be cured with the correct use of Yarsagumba. It is used not only in Ayurveda but also in allopathic medicine.

Is Yarsagumba a plant or an insect?

Yarsagumba is made from a combination of Jhusilkeera and Dhusi. In summer it is like a weed, in winter it remains as an insect. There is an influx of mushroom species in Jhusilkeera. After this mound grows, it is called Yarsagumba. Therefore, it is also called a combination of flora and fauna.

Yarsagumba is the name given by the Himalayan language. Yarsa means plant and Gumbu means insect. Some people call it the second form of Sanjeevani Booti. Some have even named it the sexually stimulating Himalayan Viagra. The scientific name of Yarsagumba is 'cardiac sinuses'.

What elements are found?

Yarsagumba contains cordycepin and other chemical substances such as nucleoside, cordycepic acid, amino acid, fatty acid, polysaccharide, vitamin B12, B, B1, carbohydrate, glucose, protein, sterol, melanin.

Recent scientific research has confirmed that some of the chemical elements found in it are also useful in cancer and tumor treatment.

How is it prepared as an herb?

When living underground as an insect, the infection is caused by the spores of Ophicordiceps sinensis. After the spore enters the body of the larva, the spore turns into a filamentous cell (like a thread) and starts spreading throughout the body of the larva.

The mycelium absorbs food from the larva's body and makes it hollow and spreads its body inside the larva's body. Finally, the larva dies after attacking the head. From the head of the dead larva grows a stalk-like part, which averages two to four inches long, and is brown in color. When the snow starts to melt in the spring, people collect such stems.

During collection, the parts with insects are removed from the ground by digging with a stick or finger. And after cleaning it can be prepared as a medicine by drying it in cold for some time.

In which area is it found?

It is found at an altitude of 3,600 meters to 5,000 meters above sea level. There are 100 species of Yarsagumba all over the world, while only 21 species of Yarsagumba are found in China, 7 in India and 2 in Nepal.

Yarsagumba is found in Taplejung, Sankhuwasabha, Gorkha, Darchula, Bajhang, Bajura, Jumla, Humla, Mugu, Dolpa, Manang, Sindhupalchok, Rasuwa, Dolakha and other districts of Nepal.

Which is exported from Nepal to Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Myanmar, Thailand, Singapore, Japan, UK and USA.

How did you find it?

The existence of Yarsagumba has been found in Nepal since mythological times. It was used by the Sherpas of the Himalayas. Yarchagumba, which is being used as a different herb, has not been discovered for the first time.

The credit for collecting Yarsagumba for the first time goes to Polunin Cycle and William who came to collect plants on behalf of the British Museum London in 1952. They found a very valuable yarsagumba from Chakhur Lake at an altitude of 4,200 meters and took it away.

In Tibet, it has been pounded and used as a medicine for hundreds of years. It has been used in asthma, liver, heart and kidney diseases under Chinese medicine.

At that time, its discussion was limited. There is an interesting anecdote in the spread of the discussion of Yarsagumba.

In 1993, three Chinese women athletes won the title at the World Track and Field Championships in Germany. They maintained five world records in the 1,500, 3,000 and 10,000 meter races. After the coach revealed that the secret of such a player's excellent performance is to consume Yarsagumba during daily practice, its discussion spread around the world. Along with its discussion, its price has also increased.

Legend

There is a legend that when Lakshmana was injured by an arrow in the battle between Rama and Ravana, Hanuman woke up Lakshmana by feeding him Sanjeevani booti from the northern Himalayas of Nepal. The Sanjeevani Buti is compared to the current Yarsagumba.

Uses of Yarsagumba

Earlier in Nepal, it was used locally in the Himalayan regions for the treatment of diarrhea, headache, hand and knee pain. Eating it mixed with bee honey and milk is believed to increase stamina. Also, it is believed that if its powder is eaten with boiled milk, it will fulfill the deficiency of vitamins.

However, it is now used as an anti-cancer drug, kidney, semen quality, cholesterol, metabolism regulation, back pain, blood circulation, swelling reduction and heart medicine. It is also used as a medicine for anemia, chronic asthma, tumor patients, bone marrow problems.

Yarsagumba is also used in some people who are taking radiotherapy and chemotherapy. It is also used in male and female infertility. As mentioned in WebMD, it is used for respiratory problems, lung infections, frequent urination at night, high cholesterol and ringing in the ears.

Hepatitis B virus, drug-induced kidney damage It is also used in cases. It is also used in mental problems. But how much is used in mental problems? No substantial evidence has been received.

It is also used as an aphrodisiac. Regular intake of yarsagumba by men increases the amount of ketosteroid in the urine. This element increases the production of sex hormones, including androgen and testosterone, which increase sexual arousal in men.

According to experts, if Yarsagumba is mixed with 13 other herbs and consumed continuously for three years, one becomes strong, agile and beautiful.

How much can be eaten?

Yarsagumba is available in the market in both tablet and powder forms. Yarsagumba 500 mg tablets can be mixed with milk twice a day and consumed. Similarly, dust can be taken from three to six grams.

It is only in Nepal that Yarsagumba is not registered in the Drug Administration Department. However, Yarsagumba is also found mixed in the production materials like Chewanprash as a supplement.

Side-effects

Yarsagumba is considered a safe herb and medicine. However, taking yarsagumba may cause side-effects during breastfeeding, pregnancy, blood related problems and surgery. Diarrhea, constipation and stomach related problems can sometimes occur while consuming Yarsagumba.

Let's understand in detail, what is Viagra, a drug that increases sexual performance?

Let's understand in detail, what is Viagra, a drug that increases sexual performance?

The name of Viagra is very famous. Many people know that this drug of Viagra brand increases sexual performance. But few know that it has its own quantity. Which should be used in case of lack of sexual ability only on the advice of the doctor considering the body condition and age.

In this way, cases of death due to eating randomly and regularly are heard from time to time.

What kind of medicine is this?

Viagra is a brand of Sildenafil Citrate drug. which belongs to the group of prostaglandin inhibitors. It temporarily activates the sexual potential of men.

The American Pfizer company invented this medicine in 1998 and named the brand 'Viagra'. Due to the fact that the old medicine released in the beginning and the response in the market was also positive, this medicine gained popularity. And, from that time until today, its demand is increasing. The medicine is famous by the name of Viagra.

In what situation is it used?

As a medicine to increase sexual desire, this medicine cannot be taken as such. Doctors recommend this medicine only to those who have problems with sexual impotence.

Sexual impotence is the inability of the penis to become hard during sexual intercourse or to be unable to maintain it for a long time. Because of this, sex cannot happen even if you want to. If there is such a problem, this medicine works.

How does this medicine work?

When thinking about or wanting to have sex, the brain produces a chemical called nitric oxide. It activates different bio chemicals in the body. Some of these chemicals are gradually destroyed by prostaglandin and five hormones. So after some time the excitement disappears.

This medicine works to block that breaking process. This drug increases the amount of nitric oxide in the body of a person with sexual impotence. And, makes the arteries loose. As a result, blood flow temporarily increases in the penis. As soon as the blood flows, the penis becomes hard. And, sexual ability increases temporarily.

When and how to use this medicine?

Viagra is available in 25 mg to 200 mg. How many milligrams to give depends on the condition of the affected person.

As far as the use of the medicine is concerned, this medicine should be taken 20-25 minutes before sexual intercourse. If a large meal is consumed, it will take some time to show its effect. The dose of this medicine can last for 4 to 5 hours.

But if one medicine doesn't work, don't take another tablet. Sometimes stress or other reasons can cause sexual arousal.

Side-effects

It may cause some temporary side-effects. In which side-effects can be seen such as headache, skin redness, stomach problems, vision problems, nasal congestion, fever and muscle pain.

Viagra stimulates blood vessels in the muscles. In such a situation, the blood flow to the muscles is accelerated.

If you experience symptoms of chest pain, vision problems, breathing problems, swelling of the eyes and face due to its consumption, you should contact your doctor immediately.

Who should not eat?

- Viagra should not be taken even if you have heart problems and are taking nitrate group drugs. It increases the pressure on the heart. If you have to eat it, you should eat it only on the advice of a doctor.

- If a person experiences chest pain with slight exertion and his breathing rate increases, he should not use Viagra.

- If there is a heart attack or a stroke, the use of Viagra can be dangerous.

- Those who take blood pressure medicine and diabetes medicine should not use it either.

- Even if you have a kidney problem, it should not be used without a doctor's advice.

- HIV patients should not use Viagra even if they are taking Ritonavir.

Don't use it randomly

Today, even young, energetic young men use Viagra without a doctor's advice to indulge in sexual activity for a long time, to increase their virility or to be embarrassed in front of their partner.

Long-term use of this drug affects thinking and confidence. Some users are addicted to it. That's why they use it excessively thinking that it is not possible without sex.

Its side-effects can sometimes be very dangerous. Excessive use of it can make a person blind forever. People don't even know this.

Sometimes its use lasts for a long time, which is not good. If stimulation is continued for longer than necessary, it can become a problem.

Interesting history

In 1989, a team of the American pharmaceutical company Pfizer was working on making a drug to treat angina, that is, heart disease. Angina is a condition in which the arteries that supply blood to the heart become narrowed, causing chest pain and shortness of breath.

In this effort, Pfizer created a new ingredient, Sildenafil, and tested it on some men. Sildenafil failed to relieve heart pain in clinical trials. But the effort was not wasted. Most of the men who participated in the trial felt sexually stimulated by this drug. It has been confirmed that it has improved the sex life of many.

In other words, the medicine that Pfizer made for the proper flow of blood in the heart, that medicine worked for the veins of the penis. Then Pfizer started experimenting to solve the problem of sexual impotence.

The company got the patent for this medicine in 1996. On March 27, 1998, the FDA approved a drug called sildenafil for medical use. The brand name of sildenafil is Viagra.

 

What is chemotherapy used in the treatment of cancer?

 What is chemotherapy used in the treatment of cancer?

There are many types of cancer such as breast cancer, lung cancer, uterine cancer, colon cancer. All these cancers have a common cause, the abnormal growth of cells. In this disease, uncontrolled division of cells starts in any part of the body.

Chemotherapy is the most common treatment method used in the treatment of cancer. Chemotherapy is used to destroy cancer cells. Chemotherapy stops cancer cells from spreading. It works by preventing other cells from forming, growing and dividing. Because cancer cells usually grow and divide faster than normal cells.

Therefore, chemotherapy has a greater effect on cancer cells. But the drugs used for chemotherapy are so powerful that sometimes they can even affect healthy cells.

Just as the medicine used in the treatment of bacteria is called antibiotic, the medicine used in the treatment of cancer is called chemotherapy. Chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, CAR T cell therapy and bone marrow transplants are all systemic therapies used in the treatment of cancer.

Which stage cancer patients are given chemotherapy?

Chemotherapy should be given to patients according to the condition, stage and type of cancer. Some need to be given chemo in the initial stage, while some need to be given only in the fourth stage. This therapy is often more necessary in the second, third and fourth stages than in the first stage.

Chemo is given to diagnose some cancers, reduce some and prevent some patients from growing. In the first stage of breast cancer, cancer can be cured by surgery and radiation alone, there is no need to continue giving chemo. Chemo is not necessary even in the early stages of colon cancer. Apart from these two, in some cancers, chemo may be given in the first stage.

How often should chemotherapy be given to cancer patients?

Which cancer is it and what is the condition? Accordingly, the number of chemo may vary. In ovarian cancer, 6 cycles of chemo are enough, in breast cancer, four to eight cycles are given. There may be a decrease in other cancers.

Especially in lung cancer, there is an example of giving chemo for a long time. But generally it may be given from four times throughout life.

Some side-effects of chemotherapy

Cancer is a chronic disease. In this, the cells of the body divide uncontrollably, this process of division is stopped by chemotherapy. Chemo also kills the bad cells that divide uncontrollably, along with the normal cells that develop every day. Hair cells develop daily. Chemo affects it, causing hair loss.

Another thing is that our digestive system, from the mouth to the anus, also develops daily. It also affects it, causing problems such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and constipation. Lack of white and red blood. In addition, there are problems such as dry menstruation in women and lack of sperm in men. These problems are seen because chemo kills new cells.

Medical science has also developed drugs that reduce these side-effects that occur during chemotherapy. So do not be afraid to use this medicine.

How is chemotherapy given?

About 90 percent of chemotherapy is given intravenously. If it is to be given by injection, chemo drugs are given by injection after admission.

It is also given as an oral medicine to some patients. Also, if someone's cancer has spread to the brain, chemotherapy is also given from the back. If someone has skin cancer, it is also given as an ointment.

Things to consider in people receiving chemotherapy

First of all, a person undergoing chemotherapy should pay special attention to their diet. Because what is needed to form new cells in our body is obtained from a healthy and balanced diet. Fresh home-made food should also be eaten with a little more protein. Drink plenty of water.

It is also important for people taking chemo to get enough rest. You should rest for seven to 10 hours daily. It is also good to do light exercise daily. Keep your body active by doing jogging, yoga and light exercise at home.

While undergoing cancer treatment, the immune system is also weak, so there is a higher chance of infection. In this case, special attention should be paid to hygiene, use of masks if you have to avoid crowded places, etc.

After receiving chemotherapy, if a blue stain appears on the body, sores appear, gums or nose bleeds, you should immediately contact the treating doctor.

Other drug treatments for cancer

Targeted therapy: This treatment targets genes or proteins found in cancer cells. Those genes or proteins are needed to develop specific cancer cells.

Immunotherapy: This treatment helps the body's natural defenses to fight cancer. This treatment is used today for some types of cancer.

Hormone therapy: This treatment changes the amount of hormones in the body. Hormones contain chemicals. Hormones are naturally produced in the body. It helps in controlling the activity of certain cells or organs. Hormone levels control many types of cancer Doctors use hormone therapy. This includes some breast and prostate cancers.

Kar-T cell therapy: Kar-T cell is a special treatment method, which has been found to be very effective in blood cancer patients. It is a treatment technique that uses immune cells called 'T', which are present in the patient's body. The 'T' cells in the body, especially in the blood system, are taken out and genetically engineered in the laboratory to recognize cancer and act against it, and then sent into the patient's body, which can kill the cancer.

Bone marrow transplant: Blood cancer that cannot be cured by chemotherapy is treated with bone marrow transplant. Bone marrow transplantation is the process of destroying the unhealthy bone marrow in the body and placing another healthy bone marrow.

Junk food is poison

 Junk food is poison

If 'junk food' is not true, can children be allowed to lick biscuits at birth? Is it absurd that mother's milk is the best food for babies? If you argue that there is no such thing as good or bad food, then you can say that there is no best food either!

Is it right to call Pratik Joshiji's food 'junk'? After reading the article, I couldn't help but write something. Anyone who googles what is 'junk food' will know. Similarly, Joshiji's statement that "there is no legal definition of junk food or junk food" was also not right for me.

Junk food is food that contains a lot of sugar, salt, and calories, (especially to increase the taste), but it either does not contain the nutrients required by the body or is very low. In another language, it is also called ultra-processed food.

Robert Lustig is an American pediatrician. After treating obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure in American children for 20 years, he realized that this is not the only way to treat diseases. It should be prevented. That was proper food.

After this, he studied law and became a lawyer to fight against the companies that make 'junk food'. In many books, Robert Lustig has described in detail how the habit of eating "junk food" of the American people has created many problems.

Dr. If you look at Robert Lustig on YouTube, you will know how he is raising public awareness against food that is full of many chemicals that do not contain sugar, salt, or fiber, i.e., ``fat food''. So, if the word 'junk food' can be used in America, Europe, India, why not in Nepal?

Similarly, to the author's question, 'Is it correct to distinguish food as good and bad?', I say that food is good and bad. Stale, wormy, rotten food full of many chemicals, salted and sugary food can't be called 'bad' food? This word is also used in English or Hindi.

Yes, the nature of food can be different according to people's lifestyle, work, place. "High calorie foods may be suitable for athletes," says the author. It is, but it should be a meal with healthy calories. Foods made with too many 'unhealthy fats, high sugar and salt calories', 'flour products' are not good for athletes.

Telling players that ``it happens when they use junk food in moderation'' is like saying that ``it happens even if children are given cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs in moderation''. I thought that's what parents are doing now.

What I experienced from the author's article is that ``Patru Khana'' is a word used by people who call themselves nutritionists and have only superficial knowledge about food, but for thousands of years, our ancestors have gained knowledge about food and used it in their daily lives. Does their knowledge have any importance?

Our forefathers used many cultural practices regarding this, that both mind and brain are healthy when we eat healthy food according to the season. That is why we eat satu and sorbet on Akshaya Tritiya, dahi-chiura on Asar 15, khichdi, ghee and chaku on January 1.

Our forefathers used to say - 'Jai Khae Anna, Bains Hoe Mind' 'Pet Safa To Har Rog Dafa!' We use thousands of proverbs and sayings about healthy food in our daily life. If it is not true that Patru Khana means 'junk food', can children be allowed to lick biscuits right after they are born? Is it absurd that mother's milk is the best food for babies? Because if you argue that there is no such thing as good or bad food, then you can say that there is no best food either!

Yes, 'junk food' should be viewed in a negative light. In any case, it cannot be thought that 'Patru Khana' can benefit the body. The word 'Patru Khana' itself means 'bad food'. Even in the US, voices are being raised against the companies that make such paper meals.

I will write something about the data available in the US and the studies done in the books written by the journalists there after a lot of study on how 'junk food' has worsened the health of the American people. You can see about these books on the website. It can also be heard on YouTube.

Joshiji's sentence that 'food is just food, food has no moral value' is wrong. Food is not only food, it is also connected with culture, religion and lifestyle. Before a human being is born, the fetus in the mother's stomach also needs healthy food.

If the mother eats bad, unhealthy food and the mother is malnourished and anemic, the baby is also born weak. That is why it is said that pregnant women should eat healthy food. Food also has a moral value. After eating, the baby is given a healthy bed and blanket. Even if you give him 'noodles and potato chips', who would say that they contain calories?

When the author writes that the choice of food does not make you a good or bad person, I say that it does not make you good or bad, that is, but the choice of food will determine whether or not your health will be good or not (high blood pressure, diabetes, cancer, many problems that come with obesity) and forgetfulness. It can also confirm things.

One wonders how an enlightened nutritionist like Joshiji could say that burgers, pizzas and phapar and millet roti can be put in the same category. Is eating millet bread, curd, mashed potatoes, chickpeas and khichdi and eating noodle chips the same thing?

My biggest concern is that feeding a malnourished child with noodles and biscuits is enough calories. It is very wrong and unnatural to say that. Would pediatricians and public health experts support such a thing?

Why did the author not consider that because of the ignorance of the Nepalese, how many poor people gave 'Patru food' to children, and they became victims of malnutrition! I would like to have a public discussion on this matter with the author and people who have similar views. Joshiji is ready!

Responding to the fact that the root cause of many diseases in the body is an unhealthy stomach, junk food and unhealthy food. In his book 'Metabolic' Lusting mentions how food companies, drug companies and junk food deprive us of being healthy.

After reading many scientific researches in this book written in simple English language, I thought it appropriate to bring forward the facts written in it to the masses.

Maybe some of the facts written in it have already been said by public health experts, but in this book, Dr. Lusting has written in a very interesting way through his experience. He himself is a pediatric and diabetes expert. He says, 'Drugs given for chronic diseases do not cure the disease, they only cure the symptoms.'

"Chronic diseases should not be cured by medicine but by food."

The habit of eating junk food is like alcohol.

"Food companies, big pharmaceutical companies and governments that ignore public health are in the same place."

This book, written keeping in mind the background of America, is very important for countries like Nepal and India. This book of more than 400 pages is a source book. It cannot be read at once, it should be read from time to time.

While reading a book, we experience how the things written in it are compatible with us. "If we don't change the style of food, no matter how much hospitals, tools and medicine are developed, many health diseases will not decrease", it is said in many places in the book.

Dr. Lusting writes, "In America, 62 percent of the food available in large stores is junk food." There are many colors mixed in them and we are gradually getting poisoned by such foods. Diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, fatty deposits in the liver, cancer, amnesia etc. are not transmitted by such food. One way to solve such problems is for the community and individuals to eat food prepared in a natural way as much as possible. It will help us to fight epidemics like Covid by increasing our disease fighting power. He has written in his book - "Doctors and other health workers do not talk about nutrition."

Dr. Lusting first studied science, graduated. And studied medicine. He became a pediatrician. He then worked on the problem of childhood obesity in America. As a hormone expert, while solving children's problems, he experienced - 'There are many problems that cannot be solved by medicine alone. Children's obesity and thyroid problems cannot be solved only with the knowledge studied in college.' And he started treatment in a new way.

While working, he experienced how sugar, other sugary substances, junk food cause problems in the liver, it increases the chances of cancer and dementia. It was based on real research and not just his own experience. That is why he clearly said, ``You should eat this kind of food which keeps the liver healthy and relaxes the stomach. Eating like this is considered to be a real meal.

Owners of various types of junk food and food factories hide the fact that commercial food is unhealthy. All foods are naturally healthy. In order to preserve the food for a long time by extracting the cheap fibrous material (outer skin) from the same food, the leafy food is extracted from the factory by mixing many chemicals. After eating food prepared in this way, our liver becomes unhealthy. If there is no fibrous material, there is a possibility of stomach upset and infection. (Page 8)

While writing this book, he has mentioned 1,54 sources, mentioning all those sources in the book makes the size of the book more expensive, so all those sources have been added to his website.

In spite of having the best doctors, many hospitals, modern laboratories for surgery, etc. in America, are the American people healthy?' In fact, among other highly developed countries, America has more diabetes problems than any other country. Similarly, America is in the top 5 countries with dementia, cancer and heart disease. The reason for all this is food and lifestyle.

In one place of his book, he has written - "During the covid epidemic, Dr. Fauci did a very good job. But I am angry with him about one thing. He never spoke about the importance of food in fighting the infection of covid. If he had spoken about this, there would have been a very positive impact on the community.