Development of a medicine to cure gum disease from bitter gourd and pomegranate peel

 Development of a medicine to cure gum disease from bitter gourd and pomegranate peel

A combination of bitter gourd and pomegranate peel has opened up a new way to solve the problem of pain and wear caused by severe gum disease (periodontitis). Brazilian scientists have developed a special biomaterial by combining bitter gourd, pomegranate peel juice and the cholesterol-lowering drug simvastatin.

The study, conducted by researchers at the Pontifical Catholic University in São Paulo, Brazil, has been published in the scientific journal ‘Polymer Bulletin’. Severe gum disease gradually destroys the bones and tissues that support teeth, which leads to tooth loosening and loss.

Although currently available treatments reduce infection and swelling, they cannot regenerate the destroyed tissues or bones.

To overcome this limitation, scientists have used bitter gourd. Since the bark of the tree has a strong natural ability to stick (mucoadhesive property), it helps to keep the medicine and natural ingredients stuck to the gums for a long time. This eliminates the need for frequent use of antibiotics. All three ingredients used in this technique have different and important roles.

The bark of the tree acts as a base to keep the medicine stuck to the infected part of the gums for a long time, while the antimicrobial properties of the pomegranate peel juice fight harmful germs and infections in the gums. Similarly, the drug simvastatin reduces swelling and helps in the growth of new bone (osteoinduction).

Since most of this medicine is absorbed by the liver when taken directly as a pill, it would have to be taken in large quantities to reach the gums, which could cause side effects such as muscle weakness. However, when applied directly to the gums through this new gel, even a small amount works safely.

Initial laboratory tests on human stem cells have shown significant improvements in the process of new bone formation within 14 to 21 days of using the gel.

According to Professor Eliana Aparecida de Rezende Duque, coordinator of the research team, this gel made from the bark of the thorn bush, which has not received much attention in medical science until now, could be a revolutionary step in the treatment of teeth and gums in the future.

Positive thinking makes the mind and body of the elderly healthier with age

 Positive thinking makes the mind and body of the elderly healthier with age

A new study by Yale University in the US has challenged the common belief that people's physical and mental abilities steadily decline as they age.

According to a new study by Yale University in the US, nearly half of the elderly over the age of 65 have seen significant improvements in their physical or mental abilities over time.

The research, published in the scientific journal 'Geriatrics', was conducted on more than 11,000 American elderly people for 12 years.

The study has shown that positive thinking about aging can help bring about significant improvements in the walking speed and mental performance of the elderly.

July 20, Kathmandu. Challenging the common belief that people's physical and mental abilities steadily decline as they age, Yale University in the US has made the findings of a new study public.

According to this long-term research, nearly half of the elderly over the age of 65 have seen significant improvements in their physical, mental, or both abilities over time.

The study, published in the scientific journal Geriatrics, followed more than 11,000 older Americans for 12 years. Their thinking and memory skills and walking speed were measured during the research. According to the results, 45 percent of the participants showed improvement in at least one area. Of these, 32 percent showed improvement in mental ability and 28 percent in physical ability.

“Many people view aging as an inevitable decline in physical and mental abilities,” said Becca R. Levy, a professor at the Yale School of Public Health and lead researcher. “But our study shows that even in old age, improvements in abilities are not rare, but rather a normal process.”

The study found that a person’s own perception of the aging process plays a big role. Older people who had a positive attitude towards aging showed greater improvements in walking speed and mental performance.

The negative perceptions that society creates through the media and advertising have a negative biological impact on people's health, while positive thinking makes the body more energetic, says Professor Levy. "Our findings show that even in old age, there is still an internal capacity for improvement, and that it can be improved by changing our thinking," Levy said.

This improvement was not limited to those who had recovered from illness. Older people who were initially completely healthy also showed further improvement over time. The study suggests that the ongoing decline that comes with aging can be prevented, and the researchers recommend that investment in positive environments and rehabilitation programs for the elderly, along with therapeutic services, be increased.

Omega-3 supplements harm brain, not help: Chinese study

 Omega-3 supplements harm brain, not help: Chinese study

The study was based on an analysis of more than 800 elderly people in North America. About half of them had a gene called APOEε4, which increases the risk of dementia.

The data showed that people who took omega-3 supplements had a significantly faster decline in cognitive ability than those who did not.

The findings of the study were published online in April and will be published in the June issue of The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease.

“These findings challenge the prevailing view that omega-3 is always beneficial and emphasize the need to carefully reevaluate its widespread use for cognitive protection,” the researchers wrote.

These 9 symptoms, which indicate an enlarged prostate

 These 9 symptoms, which indicate an enlarged prostate

If the problem of prostate enlargement that occurs with increasing age is not ignored and recognized and treated in time, most patients can live a normal and healthy life.

Do you have to get up repeatedly at night to urinate? Is your urine stream weaker than before? Do you feel like there is still something left after urinating? Many men are experiencing such problems. They ignore such problems that appear with increasing age as normal. But these symptoms may be signs of an enlarged prostate gland.

According to studies, about half of men around the world who are over 50 years old have prostate enlargement, and by the age of 80, about 80 percent of men have some level of prostate enlargement. However, if recognized and treated in time, most patients can live a normal and healthy life.

What is the prostate?

The prostate is a small gland found only in the male body, which is usually the size of a walnut. It is located below the bladder and in front of the rectum. It plays an important role in the reproductive process by producing seminal fluid.

As we age, this gland gradually begins to enlarge. In medical terms, it is called benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). When the prostate enlarges, the passage for urine becomes narrow, causing various problems.

9 major symptoms of prostate enlargement

1. Weak urine stream

Urine does not come in a strong stream as before, but instead comes in a small stream or drops. In some cases, it may take some time for urination to begin.

2. Feeling that the bladder is not empty even after urinating

Feeling that there is still some urine left after urinating is an important sign of prostate enlargement.

3. Frequent urination

Especially when you have to urinate more often than usual throughout the day.

4. Getting up frequently at night to urinate

Having to get up one or more times during the night to urinate is one of the most common symptoms of prostate enlargement. This can disrupt sleep, causing fatigue and affect quality of life.

5. Straining to urinate

You may have to strain your stomach to start or finish urinating. This is a sign that the urinary tract is narrow.

6. Delayed urination

Hesitancy is when you feel the urge to urinate but don't urinate immediately, or you have to wait or strain. This is one of the early signs of prostate enlargement.

7. Sudden and intense urge to urinate and urine leakage

Urgent urge to urinate and sometimes leaking urine before reaching the toilet can also be a sign of prostate enlargement.

8. Blood in the urine

Sometimes blood may be present in the urine. In such cases, you should seek medical advice without delay.

9. Burning or Painful Urination

Some people may experience discomfort, burning, or pain when urinating. This is especially common if there is an infection.

Who is at higher risk?

–Men over 50

–Family history of prostate problems

–Diabetes or high blood pressure

–Obesity

–Inactivity

–Smoking and drinking alcohol

Why is an enlarged prostate a problem?

The prostate surrounds the urethra. When it is large, the passage for urine to pass out becomes narrow. As a result, there is a risk of urine retention, urine retention in the bladder, infection, stone formation, and even kidney damage in the long term.

How is it diagnosed?

To diagnose prostate problems, doctors can perform various tests along with symptoms

-Urine test

-PSA test in the blood

-Ultrasound

-Urine flow test (uroflowmetry)

MRI or biopsy if necessary

Treatment

Not all patients need surgery. In many patients, medication and lifestyle changes give good results.

Lifestyle considerations

-Do not drink too much fluid before going to bed

-Reduce tea, coffee, and alcohol intake

-Do not hold urine for too long

-Do regular walking and exercise

-Do not allow constipation

-Keep weight under control

There are mainly two types of drugs used to treat lower urinary tract symptoms caused by the prostate. In some patients, both types of drugs are used simultaneously.

Alpha-blocker drugs

Such as tamsulosin, alfuzosin, and silodosin. These medications help to relax the urinary tract and make it easier to urinate.

Five-alpha reductase inhibitor medications

Such as finasteride and dutasteride. These medications help to reduce the size of the prostate over time.

When is surgery necessary?

– Complete blockage of urination

– Frequent infections

– Repeated blood in the urine

– Formation of bladder stones

– Kidney damage

– No improvement with medication

How is prostate surgery performed?

– TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate)

This is the most commonly performed surgery in the world. The excess prostate is removed by inserting an instrument through the urethra.

– Laser surgery or open or robotic surgery

Are prostate enlargement and prostate cancer the same?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a common problem in many men, and prostate cancer are not the same disease. BPH is a non-cancerous growth of the prostate gland that occurs with age. In contrast, prostate cancer is a malignant disease caused by uncontrolled growth of prostate cells, which may not cause any symptoms in the early stages.

Some signs of both diseases

Since they can be similar, it is not possible to differentiate them based on symptoms alone. Therefore, it is very important to make an accurate diagnosis through PSA testing and medical examination. The good news is that both conditions can be effectively managed if identified and treated early.

Many men hide their prostate symptoms due to shame, fear, or neglect. Most prostate problems can be controlled with timely screening, proper treatment, and a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, the body's signals should not be ignored.

These are the changes that can be seen in the body after giving up sugar for a month

 These are the changes that can be seen in the body after giving up sugar for a month

By completely or largely stopping the consumption of sugar for a month, positive changes such as weight control and stable energy levels can be seen in the body.

In today's busy lifestyle, the habit of eating sweets has become very common. Tea, cold drinks, sweets and packaged foods contain a lot of sugar. But if a person stops consuming sugar completely or largely for a month, various positive changes start to be seen in the body. The first few days may feel a little uncomfortable, but in the long run, it can have many health benefits.

The first few days can be challenging

For the first 3-7 days after giving up sugar, you may experience increased cravings for sweets, headaches, fatigue, irritability or difficulty concentrating. This is normal because the body is used to regular consumption of sugar.

Can help in weight control

The process of fat accumulation in the body can be reduced by reducing the extra calories obtained from sugar. It can help reduce fat around the belly, especially around the waist, and can help you gradually control your weight.

May help keep your blood sugar levels balanced

Reducing sugar can help reduce the problem of sudden increases and decreases in blood glucose levels. This can help improve the effectiveness of insulin and help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in the future.

May keep your energy levels stable throughout the day

Although too much sugar may give you a short-term boost of energy, you may feel tired later. Reducing sugar can help keep your energy levels more stable, which can help you stay active and focused throughout the day.

May improve your skin

Excess sugar can increase inflammation in the body, leading to acne, pimples, and skin problems. Reducing sugar can make your skin look clear, healthy, and naturally radiant.

May have a positive effect on heart health

Excessive sugar intake can increase triglycerides, blood pressure, and the risk of heart disease. Reducing sugar can help reduce these risks.

Liver health may improve

High intake of fructose, especially found in sugar, increases the risk of fat accumulation in the liver. Reducing sugar can reduce the extra burden on the liver.

May improve dental and oral health

Sugar can increase tooth decay and gum problems. Reducing sugar can also reduce the risk of tooth loss.

May improve sleep quality

Reducing sugar can help balance the body's energy levels, which can help you sleep better at night and feel refreshed in the morning.

May improve the digestive system

Reducing sugar and increasing fruits, vegetables, and fiber-rich foods can improve the digestive system and have a positive effect on intestinal health.

Overall benefits that can be seen after a month

Reducing sugar intake for a month can help you experience weight control, improved skin, stable energy, balanced blood sugar levels, improved heart and liver health, better sleep, and positive changes in overall health. However, it is advisable to consult a doctor or nutritionist before making any major dietary changes.

What to consider when giving up sugar?

Giving up sugar does not mean giving up all carbohydrates. Natural sugars found in fruits, milk, and whole grains are generally considered part of a healthy diet.

To do this, you should make it a habit to read the labels of packaged foods. Reduce your intake of cold drinks, sweets, chocolate, and packaged juices. Choose fresh fruits instead of sweets. Drink plenty of water. Eat enough protein and fiber-rich foods. Also, prioritize regular exercise and adequate sleep.