Tortured transportation of animals from the front of the quarantine

 Tortured transportation of animals from the front of the quarantine


An excessive amount of animals are brought in for meat on the occasion of Dashain. Especially, there is a rush of vehicles carrying buffaloes and goats.


These are the sources of meat that we eat according to taste. But if you see the condition of these animals, you and I will be shocked. My heart cries. Because these Awadh animals are tortured in a very cruel manner and dragged in the car. The cruelty is also such that, as if they are heinous criminals.






Buffaloes are transported by tying their trunks, natris and tails in one truck so that they cannot sit at all. That too is more than capacity. Don't let him eat the grain. Not for one day, but for four or five days.


When brought to Kathmandu, these animals are already weak, sick and injured. There are wounds on their bodies. Nathri's rope is tightened and her head is cut off. The tail is swollen.







Not only the horned buffalo, but also the khasiboka seems to have the same strangeness. Some are tied to the roof, some are locked in a dinky and transported under torture.


When you reach Nagadhunga at this time, you will be heartbroken by such scenes.


While transporting animals in such a cruel way is considered a crime. Animal transport standards have been made to ensure that they can be easily transported. The state has established animal quarantine in various places to monitor or monitor whether the standard is being followed. Staff have been assigned to quarantine. But there, Awadh animals are transported from the front of the quarantine, as if there is no law and order in the country.


28 buffaloes were brought in a vehicle that came from Rupandehi to Nagadhunga in Kathmandu on Tuesday. They were tied to their tails and brought in such a way that it was difficult for them to turn around. Similarly, they brought 22 goats on the roof of the passenger bus that came to Kathmandu from Sindhuli and on the coach. While animals cannot be transported in passenger vehicles.


The driver of the vehicle says that they do not know that it is not possible to bring goats by placing them on the roof of the passenger car and pulling them in the trunk. "We do not know that it is not possible to bring a goat in a passenger vehicle. He says that there is no information about what are the shipping standards and what kind of fines will be imposed if they are violated.


Even after telling them that bringing animals in this way is against the standard, they did not say that they made a mistake and that they will not bring animals in this way from now on. On the contrary, they began to abuse the animal quarantine that stopped the vehicle, 'This law applies only to farmers and the poor like us, not to the elders. What happens when you carry a little goat during Dashain? Take them to Kathmandu and cut them up and eat them.


The Animal Quarantine asked them to bring another vehicle and take the goat but they refused. Quarantine immediately sent them away after paying a fine.




In this way, quarantine could not have sent those transporting animals against the standard to Kathmandu, but they sent them after paying a fine. If only fines are paid and discounts are given to those who transport animals against the standards, this process will continue continuously. Therefore, it is necessary to pass the Animal Welfare Act as soon as possible.


In Section 290 of the Criminal Code of the Civil Code, there is a provision that cruelty to animals should not be treated and if it is done, it is punishable by imprisonment up to three months or a fine of five thousand rupees or both imprisonment and fine. But neither the standards are followed nor action is taken.


Lakshmi Ghimire, Field Officer of Animal Nepal, also reached Nagadhunga to see if the animal transportation was done according to the standards. "Even though animal rights activists are constantly raising their voice that animal transportation should be in accordance with the standards, it has not been fully implemented," she said.


Ghimire says, 'Animals transported in meat production should be treated according to standards. If the standards are not met, the meat is not healthy. It affects people. Therefore, the issue of animal welfare is directly related to people.


The Animal Department under the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock has the first responsibility to monitor whether the animals are being transported in accordance with the standards. Animal department can monitor by keeping quarantine. Also Nepal Police can monitor and control it. Advocate Padam Bahadur Shrestha says that if the standards are not followed, the shipment can be stopped and fined as well.


Also, despite the 17 years since the animal transportation standard was made, its implementation has not been done properly. Due to the non-implementation of this standard, the buffaloes and goats that enter Kathmandu Valley for meat during Dashain are coming back safely.




Animals are being transported in a cruel way because the standards issued in 2064 are limited to paper. Even though the law prohibiting extreme torture of animals has been passed in Nepal many times, it has not been implemented.


According to the standards, every vehicle transporting animals should have a first aid box. Similarly, animals with different physical structure cannot be transported in the same vehicle. Padapadi should not be mixed with buffalo. All buffaloes, chamois must have their heads and faces facing the front of the vehicle towards the driver. Even the nose and tail cannot be tied. 6 inch thick straw, chaff or sotar should be kept in the wagons for keeping buffaloes and buffaloes.


The body of the animal must be foamed on the side of the vehicle that will be hit. Animals should have 0.84 to 1.27 square meters of space inside the vehicle. By doing this, as many as 20 animals are placed in one truck.


If we look at the transportation of animals to the capital Kathmandu via Prithvi Highway and Tribhuvan Rajpath for meat, many examples of non-compliance can be found. This highway Because of this, thousands of buffaloes and goats are brought into the capital every day, and they are transported in a painful way with extreme torture.

How to check fresh meat in Dashain?

 How to check fresh meat in Dashain?


Many meat shops in Nepal are not constructed and operated scientifically. Due to carelessness there is a risk of bacterial infection in the consumer, the larvae of lice entering the body and different types of diseases. Therefore, you have to pay special attention to some things when buying meat.


Everyone should consider the danger of getting disease instead of nutrition from meat if they get spoiled meat while buying meat. Therefore, consumers should be aware of these things for healthy meat.






Color: Fresh meat should be dark natural color. For example, beef, pork, and chicken are usually dark red, pink, and white, respectively. However, if the color of the meat is light purple instead of red, it means that it has been exposed to oxygen. But it is not dangerous or harmful.


Smell: This is considered to be the easiest way to check the freshness of meat. Fresh meat does not have any kind of smell. There is no particularly strange smell. Strange odors can often be sour, bleach, ammonia or fishy.





Touch: You can also know the quality of meat by touch. Fresh meat is hard to the touch. To check whether the meat is fresh, you should gently press the meat with your fingers. If the meat is fresh, then after a while the meat will return to its original shape, no fingerprints will remain on the meat. If it is not fresh meat, it will have fingerprints on it. If the meat feels slippery to the touch, it is a sign that the meat is rotten.


Check for excessive 'Drop Loss': Drop loss refers to the liquid material that comes out of the meat due to gravity during storage and handling. If the drop loss of meat is excessive, it indicates that the meat is not fresh.


How to check freshness of fish


Looking at the eyes: The eyes of a fresh fish are clean, shiny and slightly protruding. Stale fish have dull and sunken eyes.


Gills: The gills of fresh fish are dark red or pink in color. It is also non-slippery. If the color of the gills is pale or brown, it is a sign that the fish is old.


Smell: Fresh fish has a slight sea or pond smell. If the fish has a strong smell, it indicates that it is stale.


Vent: The vent of the fish should not protrude. This also indicates that the fish is old.


Meat check: Even fresh fish has tough meat. When it is meat, fingerprints should not remain on it. This also indicates that the fish is stale.


(Rai is a teaching assistant at the Central Technology Campus in Dharan. She has a master's degree in food technology.)


Why do cholesterol patients increase in hospital after Dashain?

Why do cholesterol patients increase in hospital after Dashain?


We understand Dashain as a festival of eating and drinking. That is why Manlagdi is eaten at this time. Fish, meat and alcohol are mandatory during Dashain.


Even those who don't drink at other times drink because it's a festival. Drunkenness was a better excuse. They sit and drink from morning till midnight.






On top of that, Sitan was also wanted. Grilled, fried, spicy, bitter, sour meat. Dalmot, chips. What is the habit of most of them is to take vinegar after drinking alcohol.


Such foods may not have an immediate effect. However, with the onset of winter, the number of patients in the hospital begins to increase. Most of them have cholesterol problems. After all, why did they have bad cholesterol? The uncontrolled eating of the same Dashain is one of the reasons behind this.





What happens when cholesterol increases? Why does it increase? Let's understand it in common language.


Cholesterol is a layer of fat in our body. Cholesterol is necessary for proper blood flow in the blood vessels and the structure of the body's cells. However, if the amount of cholesterol in the blood is more than required, it accumulates in the blood vessels, liver and heart.


Blood collects in the blood vessels and narrows the blood vessels. This is why the blood flow is not good. What this does is increase the risk of stroke, heart attack and heart disease.


This problem is mostly seen in people with heart problems and high blood pressure. However, it does not mean that it is not seen in others.


Cholesterol is such a problem, the early signs of which do not match anything. It suddenly causes problems. Its general symptoms can be seen in anyone. Like white spots appearing around the eyes, black spots appearing on the back of the neck. However, in most cases, this problem is not detected without testing.


When the problem increases, it becomes difficult to handle it. Therefore, it is advisable to find preventive measures before such a problem occurs.


What to do now?


Be alert and take necessary precautions before problems occur. For this, some conditions must be followed.


- Reduce the consumption of red meat. Instead of red meat, white meat and fish can be consumed.


- Do not eat too much ghee, butter, cheese and animal fats.


- Cholesterol contains triglycerides. As carbohydrates increase the amount of triglycerides, eat such foods as little as possible.


- Sugary foods are high in carbohydrates, so eat as little as possible.


- In case of heart disease and high cholesterol level, take related medicine regularly.


- Consuming more fruits and green vegetables than meat.


- Eating less fat and skinned meat.


- Full sleep.


- Don't drink alcohol. Even if you do, consume very little.


Consuming high amounts of fibrous and fiber-rich foods.


Along with diet, you should also pay attention to exercise. At least five days a week you should walk briskly for 30 to 45 minutes.


A medical emergency situation


Eating alcohol and meat indiscriminately increases cholesterol. Apart from that, there are also many people who come to the hospital with a bone stuck in their neck. People are not alert and alert when they are drunk. At that time, when they eat bones with meat, there are many cases of them getting stuck in the throat. This is a medical emergency. In such a situation, if not treated immediately, it can lead to death.


Likewise, people with heart problems, high blood pressure, and those taking blood thinners can also be at risk from uncontrolled eating.

 

Gender Dimension of Disability

 Gender Dimension of Disability


### Unit V: Gender Dimension of Disability (9 hours)


This unit explores the gendered experiences of individuals with disabilities, with a focus on the intersectionality of gender, disability, and sexuality. It delves into the specific challenges that women with disabilities face, including violence and issues related to sexuality. The unit addresses how social, cultural, and legal frameworks shape the lived experiences of disabled women, and emphasizes the importance of recognizing their unique struggles and rights.



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### **A. Experience of Women with Disabilities**


1. **Exclusion from Feminist Agendas**

   - **Ghai (2002)**, in *Disabled Women: An Excluded Agenda of Indian Feminism*, discusses the ways in which disabled women have been marginalized both within the feminist movement and in broader society. Feminism often overlooks the specific challenges that disabled women face, such as social isolation, economic dependency, and limited access to education and employment. Ghai argues that disabled women’s experiences need to be integrated into mainstream feminist discourse in order to build an inclusive movement that addresses the needs of all women.

   

2. **Vulnerability Without Support in Nepal**

   - **Dhungana (2006)** examines the experiences of disabled women in Nepal in *The Lives of Disabled Women in Nepal: Vulnerability Without Support*. Disabled women in Nepal often face extreme vulnerability due to the lack of social support, economic independence, and adequate healthcare. They are more likely to be excluded from educational opportunities and suffer from a lack of employment prospects, making them dependent on their families or the state. Dhungana emphasizes the need for stronger social protection systems and community support for disabled women in Nepal.


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### **B. Violence Against Women with Disabilities**


1. **Silence and Paradox**

   - **Chenoweth (1996)**, in *Violence and Women With Disabilities: Silence and Paradox*, discusses how violence against women with disabilities is often ignored or underreported. Disabled women are more vulnerable to abuse due to their dependency on caregivers, social isolation, and the societal perception that they are weak or incapable. Chenoweth highlights the paradoxical situation where disabled women are often silenced and their abuse goes unnoticed or is dismissed as less significant.

   

2. **Domestic Violence and Disability**

   - **Mays (2006)** explores the intersection of disability and domestic violence in *Feminist Disability Theory: Domestic Violence Against Women with a Disability*. Disabled women are more likely to experience domestic violence, and they face unique barriers in seeking help, such as inaccessible shelters and services that do not cater to their specific needs. Mays calls for an expansion of feminist disability theory to address the prevalence of violence against disabled women and the need for inclusive, accessible services.


3. **CREA Research Report**

   - The **CREA (2011)** report, *Count Me In: Violence Against Disabled, Lesbian, and Sex-Working Women in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal*, highlights the compounded marginalization faced by disabled women who belong to other marginalized groups, such as lesbian and sex-working communities. The report reveals that these women face intersecting forms of violence and discrimination and calls for a more inclusive approach to addressing violence that takes into account these overlapping vulnerabilities.


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### **C. Disability and Sexuality**


1. **Rights and Recognition of Disabled Sexuality**

   - **Shakespeare (2000)** in *Disabled Sexuality: Toward Rights and Recognition*, advocates for the recognition of the sexual rights of disabled individuals. Disabled people, particularly women, are often desexualized by society and denied the opportunity to express their sexuality freely. Shakespeare argues that sexuality is a human right and that society must recognize the sexual agency of disabled individuals and create an environment where they can experience fulfilling sexual lives without stigma.


2. **The Sociopolitical Economy of Disability and Sexuality**

   - **Shildrick (2007)**, in *Contested Pleasures: The Sociopolitical Economy of Disability and Sexuality*, explores the complex ways in which disabled sexuality is regulated and controlled. Disabled people are often seen as asexual or hypersexual, depending on societal prejudices. Shildrick discusses how these perceptions shape the sexual experiences of disabled individuals, particularly women, and emphasizes the need for policies and practices that respect the sexual autonomy of people with disabilities.


3. **Experience of Motherhood for Disabled Women**

   - **Khanal (2012)**, in *Experience of Motherhood of Disabled Women*, explores the experiences of disabled women who are mothers. Motherhood is often seen as incompatible with disability, and disabled women who become mothers face significant challenges, including societal stigma, inadequate healthcare, and a lack of support services. Khanal emphasizes that these women’s experiences must be recognized and supported, and that disability should not be seen as a barrier to motherhood.


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### **Conclusion**


Unit V on "Gender Dimension of Disability" emphasizes the intersection of gender and disability, focusing on the unique challenges that disabled women face. It highlights their experiences of marginalization, vulnerability to violence, and the complex relationship between disability and sexuality. The readings in this unit provide insights into the ways that disabled women are excluded from feminist discourses, subjected to violence, and denied their sexual and reproductive rights. By understanding these issues, scholars and practitioners can work toward creating more inclusive policies and practices that address the specific needs of disabled women.


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### Key Readings:


1. **Experience of Women with Disabilities**:

   - Ghai, A. (2002). Disabled Women: An Excluded Agenda of Indian Feminism.

   - Dhungana, B. M. (2006). The Lives of Disabled Women in Nepal: Vulnerability Without Support.


2. **Violence Against Women with Disabilities**:

   - Chenoweth, L. (1996). Violence and Women With Disabilities: Silence and Paradox.

   - Mays, J. M. (2006). Feminist Disability Theory: Domestic Violence Against Women with a Disability.

   - CREA (2011). Count Me In Research Report: Violence Against Disabled, Lesbian, and Sex-Working Women in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal.


3. **Disability and Sexuality**:

   - Shakespeare, T. (2000). Disabled Sexuality: Toward Rights and Recognition.

   - Shildrick, M. (2007). Contested Pleasures: The Sociopolitical Economy of Disability and Sexuality.

   - Khanal, A. N. (2012). Experience of Motherhood of Disabled Women.


Here are **top 10 potential exam questions** based on the topics from the units you've covered:


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### **Unit I: Understanding Ageing**

1. **Population dynamics**: Discuss the global and national trends in population ageing from 1950 to 2050. What are the political, economic, and social implications of these trends?

2. **Definitions of ageing**: Compare and contrast the varied definitions and applications of ageing, including the concept of active ageing and its determinants.

3. **Gerontology and geriatrics**: Outline the history of gerontology and geriatrics and discuss their significance in the study of ageing.

4. **Theoretical perspectives**: Evaluate different theoretical perspectives on the sociology of ageing. How do these perspectives contribute to understanding the ageing process in society?


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### **Unit II: Legal Frameworks and Implementations**

5. **International frameworks on ageing**: Analyze the significance of international conferences such as the First and Second World Assemblies on Ageing, the Madrid International Plan of Action (MIPAA), and the UN Principles for Older Persons in shaping global ageing policies.

6. **National frameworks on ageing**: Assess the effectiveness of Nepal's **National Action Plan for Senior Citizens (2006)** and **Senior Citizens Act (2007)** in addressing the needs and rights of older people. How do these frameworks compare to global standards?


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### **Unit III: Emerging Issues and Challenges of Ageing**

7. **Challenges of ageing populations**: Identify the key challenges posed by an ageing population globally and in Nepal. How do these challenges impact healthcare, social security, and economic stability?

8. **Elder abuse and violence**: Discuss the prevalence and forms of elder abuse and violence in Nepal. What legal and social measures are in place to protect older people, and how effective are they?


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### **Unit IV: Understanding Disability**

9. **Beyond medical and social models**: Critically evaluate the limitations of both the medical and social models of disability. What alternative perspectives have emerged to better address the complexity of disability in contemporary society?

10. **Feminist disability theory**: Explain the contributions of feminist disability theory. How does it address the intersection of gender and disability, particularly in relation to body image, sexuality, and the experiences of disabled women?


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These questions encourage both theoretical understanding and practical analysis of ageing and disability issues, helping you prepare for critical discussions and written exams.

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