Historical map of Nepal - May 2020

Awakening the people against the Indian border encroachment, he went to Mechi-Kali to train leaders and staff on what Kalapani is.

He went to China, Britain and the United States looking for a map to strengthen Nepal's claim. Border expert Budhinarayan Shrestha is overjoyed after the government of Nepal finally released a new map including Mahakali Shir Limpiyadhura. Though he retired from the post of Director General of the Survey Department in 049 BS, Budhinarayan did not retire from the service of the country. He did not expect the appointment of the Government of Nepal, he did not become a 'consultant' of NGOs. Became a volunteer engineer and visited the encroached area.

After compiling historical maps from China, the United Kingdom and the United States, he drew a map of Limpiadhura and published it in a book.

Some leaders used to laugh when Budhinarayan showed 'Chuchche Map', but now the same map has become the official map of the country. Budhinarayan led Nepal in the 13th and 14th meetings of the Nepal-India Joint Technical Boundary Committee when he was the Director General of the Survey Department. He remembers that there was a dispute over the map of Kalapani in the working group under him. India reiterated its claim on Nepalese land that the river from Lipulek is the Kali River," he said. . However, India showed a map of 1879 and submitted its claim to Lipulec, so no agreement was reached. The then government had not given the mandate to present the issue of Kalapani as an important agenda.

Therefore, the Kalapani issue has been in the shadows for a long time.

However, after retiring from the Survey Department, Budhinarayan was freed from government control. He himself set up a land survey company. From there, he had the opportunity to travel to London to participate in the Federation's survey program. While living in London from July 19, 1998 to August 21, 1998, Shrestha made good use of his time shopping and visiting the British Library.

After spending several days in the huge library, he finally found a map issued by the Survey of India on April 24, 1856.

The river flowing from Limpiyadhura is called River Kali in the map. The map of Nepal called Nepal is still preserved in British Lybary, India office Records, Map collections Shelfmark number IOR.X / 2996/1. A year later, Shrestha, who arrived in the United States from May 10 to June 25, 1999, visited the Library of Congress in Washington DC. He obtained a map with the catalog number G 7650 s 260.15 in the Geography and Map Division of the Library, published by British India in 1827. The map, prepared by Lens Horst, a hydrologist at the East India Company government under the British Parliament, also states that the river flowing from Limpiadhura is River Kali. As per the Sugauli Treaty, Kali River is a border river, so it is clear that it is western India and eastern Nepal. Both of these maps show Kalapani Hot Spring in Nepal before the Kali River.

The map says: Nabhi village is also Nepal.

Based on maps found in the United States and London, Budhinarayan concluded, "The river that flows from Limpiyadhura is the Kali River." The western border of Nepal is the same. 'In 1957, he published a book called Border of Nepal, which also won the Madan Award. However, he wanted to not only awaken the people from the book, but also interfere in Nepal's policy. After returning from the United States, Budhinarayan had the opportunity to make a presentation to the then Prime Minister Krishna Prasad Bhattarai. From an overhead projector in Baluwatar, Shrestha gave a presentation to Prime Minister Bhattarai with a map stamped by the Library of Congress. Six ministers and secretaries, Congress leader Sushil Koirala, Chief Adviser to the Prime Minister Dr. Narayan Khadka and Rajaram Chhatkuli and Tirtha Pradhanang, two senior officials of the Survey Department, were also present in Baluwatar.

Budhinarayan was satisfied with his presentation to wake up the Prime Minister.

Bhattarai had said that he would take necessary steps, but he had to resign after two weeks due to political reasons," Budhinarayan said. However, no matter who came to the government, he worked tirelessly to submit the documents. Even after India released the new map on October 29, he went to the Ministry of Defense and presented it to the current Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Two months ago, Chief of Army Staff Purnachandra Thapal and other army officers also gave presentations on the battlefield. He is still active in the campaign not only to harass the policy makers on the basis of the documents he has received, but also to find more documents.

During his last four months in the United States, he has received additional historical maps.

In the same meso, he also found a map issued by the then East India Company government in 1947. Border expert Budhinarayan also visited the National Library of China in Beijing, China from September 14 to 18, 2006. He arrived in Beijing on his way back to Fukuoka, Japan to attend an event. ‘I had the opportunity to study inside the archives of the National Bureau of Survey and Mapping. There, too, I found a map from 1903, 'he says.' Even on a map drawn during the Qing Dynasty, the river that flows from Limpiadhura is called Kali. The villages of Kuti, Nabhi, Gunji, Kalapani, Nabhidang and Lipulek Bhanjyang are shown on the map. A map prepared by India, which bears British heritage, on November 2 (November 16) also clearly states that the Kali River flows from Limpiyadhura.

However, on November 8, six days after the release of the map, the letter written Kali Nadi has been deleted.

Nepal should negotiate with India with restraint and maturity. We should not lose our sanity and logic as we have strong evidence, "he said." We should not spoil the atmosphere of negotiations by being provoked. 

Historical maps at the British Museum Library and the US Library of Congress say the head of the Mahakali is Limpiyadhura.

Map of 1827: Library of Congress, Washington DC: This map is stored in the Library of Congress, Geography and Map Division, catalog number G 7650 s 260.15 in Washington DC, USA. It is clear that its origin is Limpiyadhura. It is seen that Kalapani Hot Spring was written in Nepal before the river. This map says - Nabhi village is also Nepal. Map of 1856: British Museum Library, London: This map is stored in the India Office Record, Map Collection Safemark No. IOR.X / 2996/1 of the British Museum Library, London, UK.

However, in 1879, British India drew another map in which the Nepali lands Kuti, Nabhi and Gunji were brought to India by a cartographic sign.

Moreover, present day India has come here from Lipukhola and captured Kalapani. In the map published by India itself on November 2, the river coming from Limpiyadhura is also called Kali river. However, six days later, the new map was made public by erasing Kali's writing. After collecting historical maps from libraries in China, the United Kingdom and the United States, Budhinarayan Shrestha drew a map of Limpiyadhura and published it in a book. Some leaders used to laugh when Budhinarayan showed 'Chuchche Map', but now the same map has become the official map of the country. Border expert Budhinarayan Shrestha says, "There is ample evidence, but we should not incite political manipulation on such a sensitive issue of national identity.

Would you like to take a vacation? Why?

Do you feel overwhelmed at work or have a bad life balance like your work?

Have you stopped planning for the holiday this year?

If so, you are not alone… but you should know that there are many health benefits to taking time off from work and going on vacation. Research shows that Americans perform better than Americans in the industrial world. They also take less leave, work longer days and then retire. Joe Robinson, a productivity and stress management instructor and coach, author of "Work to Live" and "Don't Miss Your Life," says the problem is driven by a number of factors.

Gradually, workforce cuts and thin employees become difficult for working people.

People are also afraid to take holidays in the "era of elimination" for fear of being seen as less committed than their peers. Many studies have shown that taking time off from work can have both physical and mental health benefits. People who take holidays are less stressed, more at risk of heart disease, more positive about life and more motivated to achieve goals. If you need a little more reassurance, here is a list of some additional benefits of taking time off from work.

The New York Times reports that for both men and women, taking a vacation every six years reduces the risk of coronary heart disease or heart attack. Neuroscientists have found that long-term exposure to the stress hormone cortisol changes brain structure, which is a major cause of anxiety and depression. Feelings of peace may arise over time from work and relieve stress, which allows the body and mind to heal in ways that have not yet occurred. According to the Gallup study, "people who always make time for regular trips" have a Gallup-Heathway well-being index of 68.4, and a low passenger score of 51.4.

One study found that three days after discharge, physical complaints, sleep quality, and mood improved when compared to the holiday.

These benefits are even after five weeks, especially in those who have more personal time and overall satisfaction with their vacations. When returning from vacation, workers are often more focused and productive. The study found that chronic stress can actually regulate a part of the brain that inhibits target-directed activity and causes problems with memory. Relationships can be strengthened by spending time with loved ones to enjoy life. A study by the Arizona Department of Health and Human Services found that women who take holidays are more satisfied with their marriages. Workers who take time off to rest regularly are less likely to experience burnout, which makes them more creative and productive than their overworked, less restrained counterparts.

Research shows that holiday planning can lead to greater increases in happiness.

Eight weeks before the trip a person can feel the impact! The bottom line is that staying away from the stresses of work and everyday life improves our health, motivation, relationships, job performance and outlook and gives us the leisure we need to return and improve our lives and jobs. Let’s face it, people care more about their jobs and livelihood than ever before. The reason for this is that we learn more about recovering from depression and keeping things in our possession now. However, in order to save our time selfishly, we lose some important things in our lives.

We must work, and yet we must stay busy and enjoy the holiday.

Whether you are experiencing burnout or are under a lot of stress at work, going on vacation can significantly reduce the stress you are experiencing. Stress does not help you see things clearly. But when you take a break you can understand how to balance your work and life and minimize the effects of stress and any symptoms of burnout.

According to a study by the State University of New York in Oswego, a survey of 12,000 men, men who go on vacation soon find that their overall risk of

According to a New York Times article, when you don't take annual holidays, you will soon increase the death rate by 21 percent.

According to a survey by Sam's Club, very few small businesspeople spend today.

This can lead to fatigue, impatience, inadequate decision making and ill health. You will help in your work by getting more productive after taking a vacation. According to experts at the University of Pittsburgh, people are more likely to be satisfied with life during the holidays and return more actively and positively. Vacation gives you time to refresh and recharge your brain cells. According to experts we are wired to recharge and do not have to stretch or stretch for long. That is why many workers or busy people turn their best ideas away from work or office space.

The latest study shows that actually setting aside time can improve your happiness.

A survey of 1,500 Dutch adults was more than happy to take a leave of absence. The reason for this was the wild fear and excitement of his excursion. Even after returning from vacation, the excitement remains intact. According to the study's leader, Zero Naveen, it is better to spread the holiday experience two or three times a year rather than a big holiday! Whether you're going to the beach in a foreign country or driving in the heat of Las Vegas, useless time can give you a wonderful time to reflect and open In such a time away from work you can see the world from a holistic perspective rather than an overlooked perspective. You may be pushed to read a business book, learn new cultures, and change your perspective into one, which will help you get a better look when you return.

You offer yourself some family or own time.

The quality of life depends on how much you appreciate yourself and those around you. This can happen on their own with family or friends; But the busy schedule only provides time for holidays to greet those around you. Taking a vacation gives you the opportunity to really think about the important things, whether it's through reflection or planning, and the holiday gives you the peace and warmth.

Why is Nepal really famous for mountains?

The mountains of Nepal are divided into different categories based on their height and under whose authority.

The Ministry of Tourism is responsible for over 6,500 meters of trekking peaks, while the Nepal Mountaineering Society is responsible for the so-called trekking peaks. The height of these peaks ranges from 5,800 meters to 6,584 meters, and calls for climbing skills and climbing gear and should not be taken lightly despite the misleading title. Permits are not required for expeditions on peaks below 5800 m, although other types of permits are required to enter certain areas. All trips require a refundable garbage collection, and liaison officers also have to live on 6,500-meter-high cliffs. The best time for mountaineering is when the weather is good before the monsoon, especially at high altitudes, but the visibility can be limited with the peaking conditions of the monsoons.\

Autumn is good for slightly shorter peaks, winter is less cold, and spring is subject to early thaw seasonal snowstorms.

However, in this age of global warming and climate change, the climate cannot be predicted as it was in the past. Today it is possible to book a business trip in Nepal, try a large mountain, or try the trekking peak with one of the many Nepali trekking agents. If a free trip is required to attempt any legally open summits, they must read the policies and procedures legally required under the current Nepal Tourism Act (Rules for Mountaineering).

It is located mainly in the Himalayas, but also in parts of the Indo Ganges Plain.

Nepal is fortunate to have eight of the world's tallest mountains, including Mount Everest, the highest mountain in the world. People who die with mountaineering usually seek out the best cliffs. The most important of these are the mountains in this country. Some people prefer to live an adventurous life by getting stuck in the white snow on the cliffs and finding their way, for them, the mountains of Nepal.

Nepal Mountaineers Paradise with the highest mountain in the world.

Reaching Mt. Everest, but there are other technical challenges, such as the Lowes, or you can take a few more 326 climbing peaks awaiting you! The Nepal Himalayas are the most formidable mountain range in the world, one-third of which is 3,500 meters high. The world's eight highest peaks bordering Nepal are Everest, Kanchenjunga, Lhotse, Makalu, Cho Oyu, Dhaulagiri, Manas, and Annapurna, which are more than 8,000 meters above sea level.

The first ascent of their journey through the French expedition with Maurice Herzog in the 1950s, Everest was first called the 1953 British expedition led by Edmund Hillary and apart from these eight huge peaks, 326 other mountains in Nepal are open to mountaineering and 103 of them have never been reached before.

Nepal offers more opportunities for climbers than any other country in the world, and throws endless challenges on them, including less spectacular trekking peaks, even if you love climbing The history of Nepal ascent begins with the early explorers of British India who fought the challenges of climbing high peaks and virgin peaks where no man could ever set foot. By the 1960s, Nepal's trekking and mountaineering industry were well-established, providing all the logistics with porters and guides to private companies for a full-time trip in the mountains. Many organizations take care of every aspect of mountaineering today and all climbers need to be in good condition physically and mentally, ready to take on the challenge and not worry about equipment and supplies.

Most Everest trips are regulated by reputable and reputable private companies.

Sherpas ’reputation is built on mountain climbing, with many mountain people achieving excellent status with their multi-layered mountains Everest and other 8000m peaks. Most campaigns do not run without a reliable, strict, and most reliable curse. They risk their for their clients and are often asked to rescue a climber who is in trouble. Although there are many other species in the service today, they are commonly called sherpas. Lass, Ama Dablam, and Manas are also frequented by trekking peaks such as the Mira, Island, and Yala peaks. Some climbers are ready to climb the virgin peaks from time to time, opening up new peaks, they do not want to climb first!

While Annapurna, Manas, and Kanchenjunga are listed as conservation areas, Sagarmatha (Everest), Langtang, and Shi-Foxxundo (Dalpo) are national parks, while other mountain areas do not fall into these categories, but They are close to the northern border of Nepal. The basic amenities and accessibility of Sagarmatha, Annapurna, Manas, and Langtang are well developed and easy for climbers and pilgrims to make quick progress in their base camps, including. It is still very remote, where rescue or assistance is difficult or unlikely from outside sources, and access to these areas is complicated and sometimes difficult. Campaigns in those fields require completely different approaches, commitment levels, and organizational efficiency to succeed to the maximum level they choose. For a relatively small country, Nepal has tremendous geographical diversity and it offers excellent geographical features in just 230 km from north to south.

India lands in the south, east and west, and north of China, Nepal has the highest elevation in the world.

The geographical difference in the country is from the summit of the icy mountain peaks, the Gokyo RI tops the sky at 5,357 meters, and the 8,848 meters around Mount Everest, with desert-like deserts such as dry, dry, and gray rocks. The country's Himalayas are a major source of many rivers and glaciers and also play an important role in the economy of the country. Some of the wonders of Nepal are the peaks of the Sapphire Mountains in the foothills and villages of the Himalayas. Other well-known features include extensive river valleys, deep valleys, high mountain passes, spectacular waterfalls, alpine forests, and biodiversity forests, and the highland Himalayas. The multiculturalism of Nepal is also one of its attractive features.

The world's highest mountain - Mount Everest is also in Nepal, as well as eight of the world's fourteen mountain peaks at 8000 meters.

The country's hilly region occupies 6% of Nepal's total land, with over 30 peaks over 1000 meters. There are many mountain peaks in the area, which are visited by many climbers every year, as well as some of the nearest cliffs that the native people consider sacred. Base camp trekking trips in Nepal are popular all over the world and tourists in the country are at the peak of spring autumn and autumn's extreme mountaineering seasons.

Let's take a look at Nepal's top ten highest mountains -

Top-10 Mountains of Nepal

1. The Mount Everest - Elevation: 8,848 m

2. Mount Kanchenjunga - Elevation: 8,586 m

3. Lhotse - Elevation: 8,516 m

4. Mount Makalu - Elevation: 8,481 m

5. Mount Cho Oyu - Elevation: 8,201 m

6. Dhaulagiri - Elevation: 8,167 m

7. Mount Manaslu - Elevation: 8,156 m

8. Annapurna I - Elevation: 8,091 m

9. Gyachung Kang - Elevation: 7,952 m

10. Annapurna II - Elevation: 7,937 m