Why are X-rays done?

 Why are X-rays done?

At one point or another, most of us have had an X-ray of some part of the body. Everyone has heard about this test since childhood.

As soon as the word X-ray comes to our mind, a black picture comes in front of us, in which the image of bones is visible. But its function is not only to show pictures, there are many others. Few people know the real information.

What is X-ray?

An X-ray is a type of imaging test. which creates a picture of your bones and other organs attached to them. An X-ray machine uses a safe amount of radiation to make this picture. From the picture prepared through X-ray, the doctor makes a plan about the treatment and what kind of treatment is needed.

Usually, in the case of broken bones, due to an accidental accident, the bones of any part of the body have been broken and the diseases related to it are checked. X-rays are a safe and effective way to assess bone health.

Why do X-rays?

- To identify broken bones

- To determine the cause of pain and swelling symptoms

-To identify other foreign objects in the body

-To detect structural problems of bones, joints or soft tissue attached to joints

- And, regular examination may be necessary for cancer and other diseases as well.

Types of X-rays

X-ray is not only for one part of the body. There are many parts. According to which there are types of X-ray tests.

Abdominal X-ray: This X-ray takes pictures of the kidneys, stomach, liver and bladder. Which helps to identify kidney and bladder stones. It consists of a special type of abdominal X-ray. It is called barium enema, which helps to use the digestive system.

X-ray of bones: X-rays are also used to see the condition of broken bones, disorganized joints and lumps. Bone infection and cancer can also be identified through this.

Chest X-ray: This test helps to detect pneumonia, heart, lung and chest bone problems.

Dental X-ray: Dental X-ray helps to check the health condition of teeth and gums.

Fluoroscopy: Fluoroscopy shows images of soft tissues such as organs and intestines. The X-ray also detects the movement of the organs on the screen like a film.

Fluoroscopy is often used in x-rays of the digestive system.

CityScan

A CT scan is also a radiology study. Which shows a picture of the condition of bones, organs and tissues through a monitor. This machine looks like a donut shape.

Mammograms: Providers use mammograms to take X-ray pictures of breast tissue, evaluate breast lumps, and diagnose breast cancer. From which breast lumps can be evaluated and breast cancer can be identified.

How does X-ray work?

X-rays send radiation through the body. The light of that radiation is invisible. which cannot be experienced. The beam is passed through the body and an image is formed on the X-ray detector located near it. Bones, cells, tissues and other structures absorb the radiation as it passes through the body. That's why it looks like a bright white color on X-ray. But soft tissue does not absorb radiation easily. That's why X-ray shows gray color.

How to prepare for X-ray?

-Inform your health care provider or examiner about your health history, allergies, and any medications you are taking.

- In general, no special preparation is required to prepare for a bone X-ray. For other types of X-rays, the examiner may give some preparation instructions.

- Do not use lotion, cream or perfume when preparing for any type of X-ray.

-Metal objects such as jewellery, hairpins or hearing aids cannot be used. You should wear comfortable clothes before the X-ray.

X-ray exposure

In general, X-rays are safe and effective for people of all ages.

If there is a possibility of pregnancy, you may need to tell the doctor before taking the X-ray. Because X-ray radiation can harm the fetus. If you are pregnant, if there is less harm, the doctor suggests to do MRI or ultrasound.

When will the X-ray results be available?

Bone X-ray results are usually ready immediately. After the X-ray, the doctor will advise you about the results. Apart from that, it may take a long time to get the results of the X-ray test.

Side effects of x-rays

Some people may be allergic after X-ray. Symptoms may appear a day or two after the X-ray. If you experience headache, skin rash, itching, vomiting or nausea and difficulty breathing, you should contact your doctor immediately. But these symptoms are seen only by few.

What is MRI, why is it done?

 What is MRI, why is it done?

If there is a wound in our body or a bone is broken for some reason, we can predict the problem by looking at it. Because these things happen before our eyes. But when any part inside our body is damaged. Then some diseases may be hidden inside the body.

In this case, how can the problem that cannot be seen with the eyes be detected?

Medical devices like MRI have been invented to detect such hidden diseases.

What kind of medical equipment is MRI?

MRI is a medical device that uses magnetic energy to show the state of the body in a similar image with the help of a computer. The full form of MRI is Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

In what situation is it used?

Monitoring MRI is used to identify and treat problems in the body from head to toe.

- To clearly identify diseases related to spine, joints and bones

– To identify diseases related to the heart

- To detect the risk of breast cancer

- To detect brain problems (seeing areas of damage without blood supply after stroke, epilepsy, due to persistent headache)

- To diagnose uterine and liver cancer

- To detect uterine abnormalities in women undergoing infertility treatment

- To evaluate the cause of pain in women with endometriosis

- To diagnose ulcers, tumors or other diseases in different parts of the body

The MRI test is done under the supervision of a technician. Which is later reported by the radiologist.

Before the MRI

MRI is an OPD procedure. So there is no need to rush. All the instructions are given before starting the test. For example, it is advised not to sit in one position. Because the picture may be blurry if it is slightly shaken.

Bandages can sometimes be applied to keep the patient stable. MRI is also done under anesthesia for those who cannot remain still for a long time.

A sequence can run for several minutes and at each stage a different machine sounds. This is already mentioned.

Before starting this procedure, you should change into a hospital gown. If you are wearing items made of metal, you should remove them.

During an MRI

First of all, the patient is laid on the table. Slowly the table moves towards the round magnet tube. You have to sit still inside the MRI equipment until the required picture is taken.

During this period, technicians stay at a safe distance. The details shown by the MRI are viewed and collected on the computer. Patients can also communicate from inside with the help of a microphone. Once the test is complete, the technician looks at the image from the MRI to determine if more is needed.

If there is a situation where MRI is required during pregnancy, it should be done only with special precautions.

How long is the process? How easy is it?

This process may take time depending on the problem. The process may take a minimum of 15 minutes to a maximum of 50 minutes. It may be difficult for some people to be patient.

How does it work?

Most of the human body is made up of water. MRI works by reacting between this water, magnet, radiowave, gradient inside the body. Some part of each hydrogen (water inside the body) atom acts like a magnet.

While sleeping in the machine, the magnetic field temporarily rearranges the body's water molecules. At this time the magnetic field is activated. Radio waves receive signals from these arranged atoms. This magnetic field is transmitted at a certain frequency with the help of a gradient.

With the help of a computer connected to the machine, the image of the MRI scan is created. It must remain in the machine for a limited period of time for accurate pictures.

Who analyzes the MRI report?

Only a trained radiologist or physician can analyze the MRI report to assess the health condition and proceed with the treatment process.

Nowadays, even if there is a small problem, there are also those who do MRI in Hachuwa. MRI may not be the only safe option in all problems. In some cases, CT scan may be more effective than MRI.

In this case, you should always consult a qualified doctor to be safe from any kind of unexpected problem.

advantage

An MRI scan is a painless imaging technique. It has no risk of harmful radiation. Soft tissue structures of the body such as the brain, spine, joints, cancer, heart, liver and many other organs can be identified more clearly through MRI images than through other methods.

What is the difference between CT scan and MRI?

Both of these show the image inside the body. The difference between the two is that MRI uses magnetic and radio waves to take pictures inside our body, which does not involve radiation. MRI can clearly show the condition of soft tissues that cannot be shown even by CT scan. MRI takes a lot of time.

While City Scan works with the help of X-ray. In this, the condition of the body can be seen with the help of radiation. This procedure is completed in a short period of time and is less expensive than MRI.

Disadvantage

MRI cannot be done if metal is installed inside the body. The sound coming during the scanning can create a kind of fear while inside. Some people may experience panic and suffocation as if they are in a cave.

How long does it take to get the MRI results?

MRI results depend on how common or complex the health problem is. After the test, if the result is normal and no problem is found, the MRI report is given in 24 hours.

If there is a problem, more complicated, then the result will come only after consultation with other doctors. This may take time. In the same way, the report may come in a short time in private hospitals where the availability of skilled doctors is more.

How much does it cost?

MRI machine is an expensive equipment. Therefore, the test fee is naturally expensive. In this, government and private hospitals set fees in their own way. MRI test fee starts from 8000 in Terti Teaching Hospital.

Conditions where MRRE should not be performed

– When an implanted pacemaker is placed

– Cochlear implants

– Any other type of iron-based metal implant

When was MRI equipment introduced in Nepal?

MRI equipment was introduced in Nepal in the year 2046, which was the first army hospital to start its service. At that time there was a low quality machine. Gradually, private hospitals began to operate services including MRI. In the year 2058, MRI was introduced in the University Teaching Hospital.

Similarly, it was invented in 1973 for the first time in the world. Its inventors are Paul Lautber, Peter Mansfield and Raymond Damadian.

In 1973, Paul created the MR image. At that time he had tested on animals. After further improvement, in 1977, Peter Mansfield conducted an MRI of a human finger and the results were obtained.

Then Raymand introduced MRI to detect serious diseases like cancer in humans.

How does Pantop work when eaten with gastric?

 How does Pantop work when eaten with gastric?

Acid is produced in the stomach every day, which helps in digesting food. This acid must be released from the stomach for digestion. But sometimes, for some reason, more acid is produced than required. It is called gastric.

Increased acid causes heartburn, heartburn and loss of appetite. In this case, the medicine taken for relief is pentaprazole. Pentaprazole is a proton pump inhibitor drug. This drug is colloquially known as pan top. The proton pump is the digestive juice, which is in the stomach layer. This medicine controls the secretion of digestive juices.

In what situation to use?

- Digestive problems especially when there is too much acid from the stomach or gas

- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (regurgitation after eating)

- In case of swelling in the esophagus, which carries food through the mouth to the stomach. (This problem causes chest burning, discomfort and loss of appetite.)

- Heartburn (For heartburn, medicine should be taken only on the advice of a doctor. Because heartburn can sometimes be caused by heart problems.)

- Ulcer problems

- If there is a tumor in the stomach

How does it work?

This drug belongs to proton class. When our stomach produces more acid than necessary, in that case sour belching, stomach ache and reluctance to eat occur. In this case, the work of this drug is to reduce or stop the amount of acid by disrupting the work of cells that produce acid in the stomach. As soon as its quantity decreases, the symptoms related to stomach pain will decrease.

This medicine also prevents the negative effects on the esophagus caused by acid.

How to take this medicine, when to take it?

It is a medicine that is swallowed by keeping it in the mouth with water. It should not be broken or chewed. But while taking medicine, it should not be taken on the basis of Hachuva. It is necessary to consult a doctor before taking any medicine.

This medicine should always be taken on an empty stomach. And, if you take it only occasionally, you should take a small amount.

How much to take depends on the health condition. It is a normal condition, one can be taken in the case of belching and sour water coming into the mouth. In many cases, it may be necessary to take more. Which is determined by the doctor.

In what condition should this medicine not be taken?

Women with liver disease, lack of calcium in the blood, low levels of magnesium, potassium, pregnancy and breastfeeding women should not take this medicine.

Does any medicine interact with this medicine?

People who are taking Atazanavir, Nelfinavir, Amplicin, Delaviserdine, Iron Salt, Ketoconazole should not take this medicine. Because these drugs can react with Pantop drugs and cause other side effects.

Should not be used for a long time?

It doesn't make any difference to eat pantop sometimes. But if you eat more, it can be harmful. Some people have a habit of taking this medicine when they have a stomach ache. If you eat this way continuously, it can cause problems such as weakening of bones, polyps (meat growth) in the stomach.

How fast does it give results?

This medicine starts working two hours after taking it. Its effect lasts for 24 hours. It may take up to four weeks to see its effectiveness and relief from symptoms.

This drug is sold in three forms.

– 20 mg delayed-release oral tablet

– 40 mg delayed-release oral tablet

– 40 mg granules for delayed-release oral suspension

In some cases, this drug is also given through a needle.

How to store?

This medicine should be kept in a very cool, dry and safe place. And, it should be kept away from the reach of children. Also, it should not be kept in the sun and damp places.

What are the side-effects?

Allergic reactions such as itchy skin, swelling of the face, lips, tongue and throat

Kidney injury, decreased urine output, swelling of heels, hands and feet

Magnesium deficiency, muscle and joint pain, rapid heartbeat

Low vitamin B-12 levels, tingling hands and feet, muscle weakness, difficulty concentrating

Diarrhea, fever and vomiting

If these side-effects are observed, the medicine should be stopped immediately and the relevant doctor should be contacted.

history

Pantoprazole was invented by scientist Bike Gulden in 1980. And the production and sales distribution took place in 1985. This drug was extracted while searching for a cure for ulcer.

Why is it harmful to drink tea that has been boiled for a long time?

 Why is it harmful to drink tea that has been boiled for a long time?

Starting the day with a sip of sweet tea is a common practice in South Asian countries including Nepal and India. Drinking tea is very common in these countries. There are also different ways of making tea according to geography and climate. Every person makes tea according to his taste and enjoys it.

According to an article published in Navbharat Times, every house in India makes a lot of milk tea. The same applies to Nepal. Most people follow this one method of making tea, steeping the tea leaves in water and boiling them for a long time.

Many people think that if tea is boiled for a long time, its taste will be sweet. Some people also boil milk and tea leaves together. But many people do not know that boiling tea for a long time is harmful to health.

According to Indian nutritionist Shikha Aggarwal Sharma, there are many benefits of properly brewing tea. Drinking properly brewed tea helps to increase immunity, reduce weight, and control blood sugar levels. But since tea leaves contain caffeine, boiling them for a long time is harmful, says nutritionist Agarwal.

Risk of cancer

According to experts, tannins are abundant in tea. It is a group of polyphenolic biomolecules, which are found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, wine and tea. Tannin is a molecule that is abundant in tea and coffee. It binds together protein, cellulose, starch and minerals. As a result, the body becomes deficient in iron. Boiling tea for more than four minutes increases the amount of tannin, which inhibits iron absorption. In addition, if the tea is boiled too much, the nutrients in the tea will also decrease. Tea cooked in this way increases acidity in the body. If you drink too much of this tea, it also causes the risk of cancer.

Nutrients are low

Nutrients and minerals are found in tea leaves. It contains flavonoids, catechins, polyphenols, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, zinc, calcium and fluoride. According to experts, boiling tea for a long time reduces the nutrients found in tea leaves and milk. Vitamin B12 and C found in it are also low.

Inhibits iron absorption

According to experts, if the tea is boiled for a long time, the tannin content in it is reduced. This element is found in some fruits, vegetables and nuts. Boiling tea for a long time will hinder the absorption of iron. Which can reduce the amount of blood in the body.

Stomach problems

Boiling tea leaves and milk for a long time destroys the protein found in milk. Because of this, due to problems in digesting milk, stomach ache, acidity problem, flatulence, gas filling may occur. After boiling the tea with milk for a long time, it will smell bitter even after drinking it.

Too much boiling of tea leaves and milk together is harmful

At high temperature, a chemical reaction takes place with milk's lactose protein. If you drink it in excess, it will produce harmful substances in the body. If these two are mixed and boiled for a long time, a substance called acrylamide can be formed in milk. It is high in carbohydrates. Acrylamide can also cause cancer.

So what is the right way to make tea?

According to experts, boiling tea leaves in high-temperature water for two minutes increases the amount of polyphenols found in them. Boiling more than this will make the quality of the tea worse.

There is no benefit to over-boiling, it makes the tea taste bitter. To increase the taste and benefits of tea, it is important to follow the right method of making tea.

The right way to make tea

– Boil a pan of water and again turn off the gas (any means of fire).

- Put a teaspoon of tea leaves in it and cover it for three to four minutes.

- Now add a little milk and sugar according to your taste and enjoy the tea.